CAJ | 학술논문

背景：近年来，组织工程支架的制造方法众多，特别是增材制造技术因其独特的累积成型原理，为复杂软组织支架的高精度制造提供了高效、可靠的制造技术，也推动了大缺损软组织修复研究。 　　目的：总结近年来关于面向软组织支架的制造方法，对其进行简要的综述，并探讨其存在的问题与前景。 　　方法：应用计算机检索PubMed数据库及中国知网数据库2010年1月至2013年9月关于软组织支架的制造方法的文章，英文检索词为“additive manufacturing，microfabrication，vascular tissue engineering，muscle tissue engineering，cartilage tissue engineering，stereolithography，3D printing，biodegradable hydrogel”,中文检索词为“增材制造，微制造，血管组织工程，肌肉组织工程，软骨组织工程，光固化快速成型，三维打印技术，可降解水凝胶”。 　　结果与结论：软组织大块缺损支架的制造，已由简单平面结构向复杂三维转变，并考虑到软组织内部血管的作用，在制造过程中将软组织支架材料与细胞、生长因子结合，达到解决支架内部血管化的问题。增材制造技术为复杂形状的软组织活性支架的高精度制造提供了新的方法。水凝胶/细胞的构建是软组织支架的关键，而与之相关的高精度增材制造技术原理和制造工艺，以及水凝胶、细胞与生长因子的组装方法则是突破这一关键的核心技术。
배경：근년래，조직공정지가적제조방법음다，특별시증재제조기술인기독특적루적성형원리，위복잡연조직지가적고정도제조제공료고효、가고적제조기술，야추동료대결손연조직수복연구。 　　목적：총결근년래관우면향연조직지가적제조방법，대기진행간요적종술，병탐토기존재적문제여전경。 　　방법：응용계산궤검색PubMed수거고급중국지망수거고2010년1월지2013년9월관우연조직지가적제조방법적문장，영문검색사위“additive manufacturing，microfabrication，vascular tissue engineering，muscle tissue engineering，cartilage tissue engineering，stereolithography，3D printing，biodegradable hydrogel”,중문검색사위“증재제조，미제조，혈관조직공정，기육조직공정，연골조직공정，광고화쾌속성형，삼유타인기술，가강해수응효”。 　　결과여결론：연조직대괴결손지가적제조，이유간단평면결구향복잡삼유전변，병고필도연조직내부혈관적작용，재제조과정중장연조직지가재료여세포、생장인자결합，체도해결지가내부혈관화적문제。증재제조기술위복잡형상적연조직활성지가적고정도제조제공료신적방법。수응효/세포적구건시연조직지가적관건，이여지상관적고정도증재제조기술원리화제조공예，이급수응효、세포여생장인자적조장방법칙시돌파저일관건적핵심기술。
BACKGROUND:In recent years, many manufacturing techniques have been recently developed for soft tissue engineering scaffolds. Especialy additive manufacturing with a unique material accumulated forming principle can be feasible and reliable to manufacture the highly precise scaffolds with gradient structures and multi-materials for large soft tissue defect repairing. OBJECTIVE:To summarize scaffolds manufacturing technologies in the soft tissue engineering applications developed in recent years and to predict the direction of development. METHODS: A retrieval was performed for the literature about the manufacturing methods of soft tissue scaffolds using key words of “additive manufacturing, microfabrication, vascular tissue engineering, muscle tissue engineering, cartilage tissue engineering, stereolithography, 3D printing, biodegradable hydrogel” in English and Chinese, which were published between January 2010 and September 2013 in PubMed Database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) Database. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:For large soft tissue defects repairing, structure design of the scaffolds has been shifted from a simple planar structure to a more complex three-dimensional structure, and integration of scaffold structure, materials and cels, and growth factors during the manufacturing procedure can be used to obtain the resolution of vascularization. Additive manufacturings become one of the most promising approaches for the ideal soft tissue scaffolds with gradient and complex structure and multi-materials. In particular, the hydrogel/cellcomposite scaffolds fabrication, a hot but promising approach to develop the soft tissue engineering wil be made progress by the accurate principles and processes of the hydrogel additive manufacturing combined with the introduction of living cels and growth factors.