西夏研究
西夏研究
서하연구
TANGUT RESEARCH
2012年
4期
3-28
,共26页
西夏%钱币%窖藏%北宋%考古
西夏%錢幣%窖藏%北宋%攷古
서하%전폐%교장%북송%고고
the Xixia Regime%coinage%cellar storage%the Northern Song Dynasty%archaeology
自1805年武威首次发现西夏钱币窖藏以来，西夏钱币陆续有所出土。20世纪50年代，内蒙古、甘肃等地陆续有一批西夏钱币出土，但没有引起足够的重视。直到70年代末，特别是到了80年代，随着考古事业的发展，关于西夏钱币出土的报道屡见于报刊，这才引起了学者们的重视。西夏钱币的出土与发现区域非常广大，但其中比较集中的区域为甘肃（以武威市一带最为集中）、宁夏（多出土于银川市、石嘴山市及灵武市诸地）、内蒙古（河套地区）和陕西（以安康市最为集中），西夏的窖藏钱币也全都发现于这些地区，应与上述诸地均属西夏故地有关。此外，在新疆、北京、黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、河南、湖南、湖北、浙江、山西、山东及朝鲜等地也都有发现，虽然数量不多。这些发现，为我们进一步认识西夏时期的丝路贸易具有重要的参考价值。西夏使用的钱币种类繁多，除使用秦、汉、北朝、五代、唐、宋、辽、金钱外，还铸造自己的货币，均为年号钱，既有汉文，也有西夏文，同时还有对钱，反映了宋钱对西夏的深刻影响。西夏钱币数量众多，琳琅满目，如实地展现了西夏时代丝路沿线及周边地区贸易的繁荣与昌盛。本文首先以表列的形式，尽可能全面地对全国各地出土与发现的西夏钱币进行了归纳与概括，进而探寻西夏出土钱币所包含的历史文化信息。
自1805年武威首次髮現西夏錢幣窖藏以來，西夏錢幣陸續有所齣土。20世紀50年代，內矇古、甘肅等地陸續有一批西夏錢幣齣土，但沒有引起足夠的重視。直到70年代末，特彆是到瞭80年代，隨著攷古事業的髮展，關于西夏錢幣齣土的報道屢見于報刊，這纔引起瞭學者們的重視。西夏錢幣的齣土與髮現區域非常廣大，但其中比較集中的區域為甘肅（以武威市一帶最為集中）、寧夏（多齣土于銀川市、石嘴山市及靈武市諸地）、內矇古（河套地區）和陝西（以安康市最為集中），西夏的窖藏錢幣也全都髮現于這些地區，應與上述諸地均屬西夏故地有關。此外，在新疆、北京、黑龍江、吉林、遼寧、河南、湖南、湖北、浙江、山西、山東及朝鮮等地也都有髮現，雖然數量不多。這些髮現，為我們進一步認識西夏時期的絲路貿易具有重要的參攷價值。西夏使用的錢幣種類繁多，除使用秦、漢、北朝、五代、唐、宋、遼、金錢外，還鑄造自己的貨幣，均為年號錢，既有漢文，也有西夏文，同時還有對錢，反映瞭宋錢對西夏的深刻影響。西夏錢幣數量衆多，琳瑯滿目，如實地展現瞭西夏時代絲路沿線及週邊地區貿易的繁榮與昌盛。本文首先以錶列的形式，儘可能全麵地對全國各地齣土與髮現的西夏錢幣進行瞭歸納與概括，進而探尋西夏齣土錢幣所包含的歷史文化信息。
자1805년무위수차발현서하전폐교장이래，서하전폐륙속유소출토。20세기50년대，내몽고、감숙등지륙속유일비서하전폐출토，단몰유인기족구적중시。직도70년대말，특별시도료80년대，수착고고사업적발전，관우서하전폐출토적보도루견우보간，저재인기료학자문적중시。서하전폐적출토여발현구역비상엄대，단기중비교집중적구역위감숙（이무위시일대최위집중）、저하（다출토우은천시、석취산시급령무시제지）、내몽고（하투지구）화협서（이안강시최위집중），서하적교장전폐야전도발현우저사지구，응여상술제지균속서하고지유관。차외，재신강、북경、흑룡강、길림、료녕、하남、호남、호북、절강、산서、산동급조선등지야도유발현，수연수량불다。저사발현，위아문진일보인식서하시기적사로무역구유중요적삼고개치。서하사용적전폐충류번다，제사용진、한、북조、오대、당、송、료、금전외，환주조자기적화폐，균위년호전，기유한문，야유서하문，동시환유대전，반영료송전대서하적심각영향。서하전폐수량음다，림랑만목，여실지전현료서하시대사로연선급주변지구무역적번영여창성。본문수선이표렬적형식，진가능전면지대전국각지출토여발현적서하전폐진행료귀납여개괄，진이탐심서하출토전폐소포함적역사문화신식。
After the first discovery of the Xixia coin stored in coin has been excavated one after another. Those have not been paid enough attention until the end of the archaeology, some reports about the attention by the scholars. the ceiIar in Wuwei City in 1805, the Xixia excavated in the Inner Mongolia and Gansu in 1950s of 1970s, especially Xixia coin are published in in 1980s. With the development the newspaper, so they are paid The Xixia coin has a wide distribution among which are relatively concentrated in Wuwei City, Yin- chuan City, Shizuishan City, Lingwu City, the Hetao Area and Ankang City for the reason that they fall into the map of the Xixia Regime in the ancient time. Although the amount is small, they are still found in Xinjiang, Beijing, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Henan, Hunan, Hubei, Zhejiang, Shangxi, Shan- dong and DPRK. These discoveries have important reference value to further our knowledge of the Silk Road trade during the Xixia Period. The Xixia coinage has a great variety. Besides those in the dynasties of Qin, Han Beichao, Wudai (the period between the Tang and the Song dynasties), Tang, Song, Liao and Jin, they also make coins for themselves in Chinese and Tangut, and the coins are all named by the emperor' s reign. At the same time there come the couple coins (a special coin popular in the Song Dynasty, the weight, size, material and the meaning carved in the coins are the same except the writing style), which shows that the curren- cy of the Song Dynasty has a great influence on the Xixia Regime. The large numbers and the great variety of the Xixia coin truthfully show the prosperity of the trade along the Silk Road and the surrounding areas of the Xixia Regime. With the forms, the paper first makes a comprehensive generalization about the Xixia coin unearthed all over the country as much as possible, and then explores the historical and cultural information of the coin unearthed in the Xixia Regime.
