CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解乐山市无偿献血者血液检测情况，为无偿献血招募方式和招募策略提供科学理论依据，达到提高检测质量，减少血液报废，保障输血安全的目的。方法收集乐山市2006～2012年160798人次无偿献血者血液检测数据，并对其丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、乙型肝炎s抗原（HBsAg）、丙型肝炎抗体（抗-HCV）、艾滋病毒抗体（抗-HIV）、梅毒抗体（抗-TP）5项传染病指标和灰区异常指标进行回顾性分析，并对其不合格率进行统计学分析。结果160798份标本总不合格率为5．77％，不合格率最低为2007年3．66％，最高为2011年8．56％，A L T异常率为3．34％，HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HIV、抗-T P阳性率分别为0．78％、0．42％、0．15％、0．92％，2012年灰区异常率为0．78％。结论 ALT、抗-TP、抗-HCV、抗-HIV检测灰区不合格是该血站血液检测不合格率前6位的原因。因此，采血前开展ALT快速检测能有效降低检测不合格率；可考虑采血前金标法快速检测抗-TP以降低梅毒阳性率；对检测灰区标本进行双孔复试既可以防止弱阳性标本的漏检，又可以避免偶然因素“花板”造成S/CO值异常导致的血液报废；抗-HIV检测试剂特异性提高，节约成本。
목적：료해악산시무상헌혈자혈액검측정황，위무상헌혈초모방식화초모책략제공과학이론의거，체도제고검측질량，감소혈액보폐，보장수혈안전적목적。방법수집악산시2006～2012년160798인차무상헌혈자혈액검측수거，병대기병안산안기전이매（ALT）、을형간염s항원（HBsAg）、병형간염항체（항-HCV）、애자병독항체（항-HIV）、매독항체（항-TP）5항전염병지표화회구이상지표진행회고성분석，병대기불합격솔진행통계학분석。결과160798빈표본총불합격솔위5．77％，불합격솔최저위2007년3．66％，최고위2011년8．56％，A L T이상솔위3．34％，HBsAg、항-HCV、항-HIV、항-T P양성솔분별위0．78％、0．42％、0．15％、0．92％，2012년회구이상솔위0．78％。결론 ALT、항-TP、항-HCV、항-HIV검측회구불합격시해혈참혈액검측불합격솔전6위적원인。인차，채혈전개전ALT쾌속검측능유효강저검측불합격솔；가고필채혈전금표법쾌속검측항-TP이강저매독양성솔；대검측회구표본진행쌍공복시기가이방지약양성표본적루검，우가이피면우연인소“화판”조성S/CO치이상도치적혈액보폐；항-HIV검측시제특이성제고，절약성본。
Objective To analyze the serum test results of blood donors in Leshan and to provide scientific theory for the recruitment mode and recruitment strategy of blood donation ,further to improve test quality ,reduce the blood discarding and ensure blood transfusion safety .Methods 160 ,798 blood donors'blood test data were col-lected from 2006 to 2012 in Leshan .ALT ,HBsAg ,Anti-HCV ,Anti-HIV and Anti-TP these 5 communicable disease and grey area anomalies targets were analyzed retrospectively and statistical analysis was performed on the positive rate .Results In the 160798 samples ,the total positive rate was 5 .77% ,the lowest positive rate was 3 .66% in 2007 , the highest positive rate was 8 .56% in 2011 ,while the abnormal rate of ALT was 3 .34% ,positive tates of HBsAg , Anti-HCV ,Anti-HIV and Anti-TP were 0 .78% ,0 .42% ,0 .15% and 0 .92% .Conclusion Affected the blood test unqualified factors were ALT ,anti-TP ,anti-HCV ,anti-HIV and the grey area anomaly .so ,to rapid detection ALT before blood donation can effectively reduce fraction defective .We can also consider use Anti-TP rapid detection to reduce Anti-TP positive rate .To test again the sample in diagnostic gray zone can prevent missing weakly positive samples of test ,and to avoid erroneous judgement result of polluted microplate with accidental factor .To save a large amount of social costs because of raised specificity of Anti-HIV detection reagent .