CAJ | 학술논문

关于美国政坛舆论背景的特性，西奥多·罗斯福总统最先使用了“揭丑”一词来概括，不过在现实政治中，光明正大的“揭丑”活动几乎从一开始就堕落为党派间的“抹黑”行径，而在马克·吐温脍炙人口的短篇小说《竞选州长》中，世人更是看到了美式民主制度下党派恶斗的生动表现。然而，当这种“抹黑”的舆论背景被置于现代代议制民主框架之中后，它对于政治秩序的破坏性不仅在很大程度上得到抑制，而且在保障公民权利、提高公民对公共领域的关注度方面，还具有一定的建设性功用。
관우미국정단여론배경적특성，서오다·라사복총통최선사용료“게축”일사래개괄，불과재현실정치중，광명정대적“게축”활동궤호종일개시취타락위당파간적“말흑”행경，이재마극·토온회자인구적단편소설《경선주장》중，세인경시간도료미식민주제도하당파악두적생동표현。연이，당저충“말흑”적여론배경피치우현대대의제민주광가지중후，타대우정치질서적파배성불부재흔대정도상득도억제，이차재보장공민권리、제고공민대공공영역적관주도방면，환구유일정적건설성공용。
With respect to the characteristics of the public opinion in American politics arena, President Theodore Roosevelt coined the“muck-rake” to describe them.In real politics, however, the just and honorable“muckraking” degenerated, almost from the very beginning, into the “blackening” ( or discrediting) among political parties.In Mark Twain's well-known novel Running for Governor, the author unfolds a chaotic scenario of merciless struggle among political parties under the background of the democratic system.Nevertheless, negative effects of the“blackening” on political order are to be restrained to a large ex-tent if it is set in the framework of modern representative democracy.Moreover, the“blackening” is supposed to be conducive to the guarantee of civil rights and the promotion of people's concerns on the public realm.