CAJ | 학술논문

利用NCAR的公用陆面模式CLM4.0（Community Land Model 4.0），以1961～2010年普林斯顿大学的大气驱动场资料作为大气强迫场，对西南地区陆面过程变化进行了非耦合模拟试验。分析结果表明：西南地区降水呈现明显的干湿季节特征，季风期降水量分布为东北-西南走向，以印度缅甸一带向东北方向递减；非季风期近似呈东西梯度，以两湖地区为中心向西递减。全年而言，西南地区约有16.7%的降水首先被冠层截留，到达地面后约有60.5%以渗透的形式进入土壤，另有约17.1%形成地表径流，还有少部分降水以直接蒸发的形式加湿低层大气。各水循环因子分布与降水分布密切相关，其中冠层截留、地表径流、冠层蒸发的季风期与非季风期特征差异不大，而地下排水和地表蒸发在非季风期均明显高于非季风期，渗透过程则相反。非季风期西南地区水循环的蒸发高、渗透小、地下排水量显著，这三个过程的共同作用，造成西南地区冬春季陆面水份显著流失，是引发西南春旱的可能原因之一。
이용NCAR적공용륙면모식CLM4.0（Community Land Model 4.0），이1961～2010년보림사돈대학적대기구동장자료작위대기강박장，대서남지구륙면과정변화진행료비우합모의시험。분석결과표명：서남지구강수정현명현적간습계절특정，계풍기강수량분포위동북-서남주향，이인도면전일대향동북방향체감；비계풍기근사정동서제도，이량호지구위중심향서체감。전년이언，서남지구약유16.7%적강수수선피관층절류，도체지면후약유60.5%이삼투적형식진입토양，령유약17.1%형성지표경류，환유소부분강수이직접증발적형식가습저층대기。각수순배인자분포여강수분포밀절상관，기중관층절류、지표경류、관층증발적계풍기여비계풍기특정차이불대，이지하배수화지표증발재비계풍기균명현고우비계풍기，삼투과정칙상반。비계풍기서남지구수순배적증발고、삼투소、지하배수량현저，저삼개과정적공동작용，조성서남지구동춘계륙면수빈현저류실，시인발서남춘한적가능원인지일。
Using Princeton University’s 1961 to 2010 atmospheric external forcing data and NCAR’s CLM4.0 (Community Land Model 4.0), an off-line simulation was conducted of the land surface process in Southwest China. Results show that there are sharp distinctions between the precipitation characteristics in Southwest China’s wet and dry seasons. During the monsoon season, total precipitation decreases northeastward from Burma and India, while it decreases westward from the Hubei and Hunan provinces in the non-monsoon season. With respect to the annual mean, only about 16.7% of the precipitation in the Southwest China is directly intercepted by the canopy, and of the remaining proportion reaching the ground, about 60.5% infiltrates the soil, approximately 17.1% flows out in runoff, and a small amount evaporats re-enter into the atmosphere. The distributions of the primary hydrological processes are similar to that of precipitation. Canopy interception, surface runoff, and canopy evaporation rarely varies during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons. However, underground drainage and surface evaporation are both significantly greater in the non-monsoon season than during the monsoon season, while infiltration shows just the opposite. In the non-monsoon season, smaller levels of infiltration, higher evaporation rates, and higher underground drainage together result in significant loss of land water in Southwest China, and may play an important role in causing the region’s spring drought.