西南师范大学学报（自然科学版）
西南師範大學學報（自然科學版）
서남사범대학학보（자연과학판）
JOURNAL OF SOUTHWEST CHINA NORMAL UNIVERSITY
2014年
9期
37-43
,共7页
卢兴霞%周俊%杨静慧%徐慧洁%刘婷%刘艳军
盧興霞%週俊%楊靜慧%徐慧潔%劉婷%劉豔軍
로흥하%주준%양정혜%서혜길%류정%류염군
滨海盐碱地%沙枣%绒毛白蜡%土壤化学特性
濱海鹽堿地%沙棘%絨毛白蠟%土壤化學特性
빈해염감지%사조%융모백사%토양화학특성
coastal saline-alkali soil%Elaeagnus angustifolia Linn .%Fraxinus velutina Torr .%soil chemi-cal property
为了比较林木对重盐碱地的改良效果，以沙枣、绒毛白蜡为试材，研究了不同季节沙枣林地、绒毛白蜡林地不同土层（0～20，20～50，50～80 cm ）的p H值、可溶性盐、有机质、速效钾含量及阳离子交换量的变化．结果表明：不同季节不同林木对土壤不同化学性质的改良效果不同．6月，沙枣林地各土层p H值有不同程度地降低，20～50 cm p H值降低最多；20～50 cm阳离子交换量明显地高于对照，但土壤含盐量、有机质和速效钾含量变化均不明显．绒毛白蜡林地各土层p H值也有不同程度地降低，20～50 cm p H值降低最多；各土层速效钾含量明显增加，20～50 cm阳离子交换量明显高于对照，但含盐量和有机质含量变化均不明显．10月，绒毛白蜡对p H值、有机质含量、阳离子交换量的改良效果较沙枣好，绒毛白蜡林地50 cm土层的pH值降低明显、有机质含量增加较多，各土层阳离子交换量均高于对照，而沙枣林地20 cm土层p H值降低明显、有机质含量和阳离子交换量增加较多；两块林地含盐量均不同程度地降低，但20 cm土层的含盐量降低最多，且沙枣林地的含盐量降低的更多；两块林地0～20 cm速效钾含量明显高于对照．10月测定的两块林地各土层的p H值、含盐量均低于6月的测定值，测定的有机质含量均高于6月的测定值；对于速效钾含量，沙枣林地所有土层的速效钾含量均高于6月，绒毛白蜡林地所有土层的速效钾含量均低于6月；沙枣林地除0～20 cm阳离子交换量高于6月外，其它土层的阳离子交换量均低于6月，绒毛白蜡所有土层阳离子交换量均高于6月．总体而言，与沙枣林地相比，绒毛白蜡林地的pH值更低，有机质、速效钾含量、阳离子交换量均更高，但土壤含盐量也较高；两树种10月对土壤化学特性的改良效果优于6月．
為瞭比較林木對重鹽堿地的改良效果，以沙棘、絨毛白蠟為試材，研究瞭不同季節沙棘林地、絨毛白蠟林地不同土層（0～20，20～50，50～80 cm ）的p H值、可溶性鹽、有機質、速效鉀含量及暘離子交換量的變化．結果錶明：不同季節不同林木對土壤不同化學性質的改良效果不同．6月，沙棘林地各土層p H值有不同程度地降低，20～50 cm p H值降低最多；20～50 cm暘離子交換量明顯地高于對照，但土壤含鹽量、有機質和速效鉀含量變化均不明顯．絨毛白蠟林地各土層p H值也有不同程度地降低，20～50 cm p H值降低最多；各土層速效鉀含量明顯增加，20～50 cm暘離子交換量明顯高于對照，但含鹽量和有機質含量變化均不明顯．10月，絨毛白蠟對p H值、有機質含量、暘離子交換量的改良效果較沙棘好，絨毛白蠟林地50 cm土層的pH值降低明顯、有機質含量增加較多，各土層暘離子交換量均高于對照，而沙棘林地20 cm土層p H值降低明顯、有機質含量和暘離子交換量增加較多；兩塊林地含鹽量均不同程度地降低，但20 cm土層的含鹽量降低最多，且沙棘林地的含鹽量降低的更多；兩塊林地0～20 cm速效鉀含量明顯高于對照．10月測定的兩塊林地各土層的p H值、含鹽量均低于6月的測定值，測定的有機質含量均高于6月的測定值；對于速效鉀含量，沙棘林地所有土層的速效鉀含量均高于6月，絨毛白蠟林地所有土層的速效鉀含量均低于6月；沙棘林地除0～20 cm暘離子交換量高于6月外，其它土層的暘離子交換量均低于6月，絨毛白蠟所有土層暘離子交換量均高于6月．總體而言，與沙棘林地相比，絨毛白蠟林地的pH值更低，有機質、速效鉀含量、暘離子交換量均更高，但土壤含鹽量也較高；兩樹種10月對土壤化學特性的改良效果優于6月．
위료비교림목대중염감지적개량효과，이사조、융모백사위시재，연구료불동계절사조임지、융모백사임지불동토층（0～20，20～50，50～80 cm ）적p H치、가용성염、유궤질、속효갑함량급양리자교환량적변화．결과표명：불동계절불동림목대토양불동화학성질적개량효과불동．6월，사조임지각토층p H치유불동정도지강저，20～50 cm p H치강저최다；20～50 cm양리자교환량명현지고우대조，단토양함염량、유궤질화속효갑함량변화균불명현．융모백사임지각토층p H치야유불동정도지강저，20～50 cm p H치강저최다；각토층속효갑함량명현증가，20～50 cm양리자교환량명현고우대조，단함염량화유궤질함량변화균불명현．10월，융모백사대p H치、유궤질함량、양리자교환량적개량효과교사조호，융모백사임지50 cm토층적pH치강저명현、유궤질함량증가교다，각토층양리자교환량균고우대조，이사조임지20 cm토층p H치강저명현、유궤질함량화양리자교환량증가교다；량괴임지함염량균불동정도지강저，단20 cm토층적함염량강저최다，차사조임지적함염량강저적경다；량괴임지0～20 cm속효갑함량명현고우대조．10월측정적량괴임지각토층적p H치、함염량균저우6월적측정치，측정적유궤질함량균고우6월적측정치；대우속효갑함량，사조임지소유토층적속효갑함량균고우6월，융모백사임지소유토층적속효갑함량균저우6월；사조임지제0～20 cm양리자교환량고우6월외，기타토층적양리자교환량균저우6월，융모백사소유토층양리자교환량균고우6월．총체이언，여사조임지상비，융모백사임지적pH치경저，유궤질、속효갑함량、양리자교환량균경고，단토양함염량야교고；량수충10월대토양화학특성적개량효과우우6월．
In order to compare improving effect of the forests for heavy saline-alkali soil ,the soil pH ,soil salt content ,soil organic matter ,available potassium and cation exchange capacity of different layer (0-20 cm ,20-50 cm ,50 -80 cm) in different seasons for pure forest of Elaeagnus angustifolia & Fraxinus velutina had been studied .The results showed that different forests could provide different effects for dif-ferent chemical properties in different seasons .In June ,the soil pH of different soil layers for Elaeagnus angusti f olia forest soil decreased in different degree ,and the soil pH of 20 -50 cm in depth decreased most ,cation exchange capacity of 20-50 cm in depth was higher obviously than that of CK ,but the soil salt content ,soil organic matter and available potassium didn't obviously change ;the soil pH of different soil layers for Fraxinus velutina forest soil also decreased in different degree ,available potassium content of different soil layers obviously increased ,and cation exchange capacity of 20-50 cm in depth was higher obviously than that of CK ,yet the soil salt content and soil organic matter content didn't obviously change . In October ,effect of improvement of Fraxinus velutina about the soil pH ,soil organic matter and cation exchange capacity was better than that of Elaeagnus angustifolia ,for Fraxinus velutina forest soil ,the soil pH of 50 cm-depth obviously decreased ,soil organic matter of 50 cm-depth increased more ,cation ex-change capacity of different layers was higher obviously than that of CK ;for Elaeagnus angusti f olia for-est soil ,the soil pH of 20 cm-depth obviously decreased ,soil organic matter and cation exchange capacity of 20 cm-depth increased more;soil salt content of Elaeagnus angusti f olia forest soil decreased more than that of Fraxinus velutina forest soil ,and soil salt content of 20 cm-depth for two forests soils decreased most ;available potassium content of 20 cm-depth for two forests soils was higher than that of CK .Com-pared with October and June ,the soil pH and soil salt content of different layers for two forests soils in October were all lower than that those in June ,and soil organic matter of different layers for two forests soils in October was higher than in June ;available potassium content of different layers for Elaeagnus an-gusti f olia forest soil in October was higher than that in June ,and available potassium content of different layers for Fraxinus velutina forest soil was all lower than that in June ;cation exchange capacity of differ-ent layers for Fraxinus velutina forest soil in October was higher than that in June ,and cation exchange capacity of 20 cm-depth for Elaeagnus angusti f olia forest soil in October was higher than that in June .It was concluded that the soil pH of Fraxinus velutina forest soil was lower than that of Elaeagnus angusti-f olia forest soil ,but soil organic matter ,available potassium content and cation exchange capacity were all higher than those of Elaeagnus angusti f olia forest soil ,and soil salt content was higher ;effect of im-provement of various soil chemical properties in October was better than that in June .
