河南农业科学
河南農業科學
하남농업과학
JOURNAL OF HENAN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
2014年
9期
72-78
,共7页
汾河临汾段%污灌区%重金属污染%空间分布差异%生态风险评价
汾河臨汾段%汙灌區%重金屬汙染%空間分佈差異%生態風險評價
분하림분단%오관구%중금속오염%공간분포차이%생태풍험평개
Fen River in Linfen area%sevage irrigation region%heavy metals contamination%differences in the spatial distribution%ecological risk assessment
为全面了解汾河临汾段污灌区土壤重金属污染状况，对该区土壤 Zn、Cu、Ni、Pb、Cd、Cr、Hg、As含量进行检测，并采用地累积指数法和潜在生态危害指数法对土壤重金属污染进行评价。结果表明，汾河临汾段污灌区土壤Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd、Hg、As 平均含量均超过了山西省土壤背景值；各重金属平均含量均未超过国家土壤环境质量标准二级标准值，仅 Ni、Pb、As 分别有5％、37％、1％的采样点超过了国家土壤环境质量标准二级标准值，但所有样点均未超过国家土壤环境质量标准三级标准值。汾河临汾段污灌区土壤各重金属地累积指数表现为 Hg＞Cd＞Pb＞Cu＞Zn＞As＞Ni＞Cr，各重金属潜在生态危害系数表现为 Hg＞Cd＞Pb＞As＞Cu＞Ni＞Cr＞Zn，土壤环境总体处于无至中－强度污染水平，存在强度危害风险。污染较严重的重金属元素不仅受灌溉水质影响，还与灌溉次数、农业施肥、交通运输、工矿企业生产、日常生活和生产活动密切相关。
為全麵瞭解汾河臨汾段汙灌區土壤重金屬汙染狀況，對該區土壤 Zn、Cu、Ni、Pb、Cd、Cr、Hg、As含量進行檢測，併採用地纍積指數法和潛在生態危害指數法對土壤重金屬汙染進行評價。結果錶明，汾河臨汾段汙灌區土壤Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd、Hg、As 平均含量均超過瞭山西省土壤揹景值；各重金屬平均含量均未超過國傢土壤環境質量標準二級標準值，僅 Ni、Pb、As 分彆有5％、37％、1％的採樣點超過瞭國傢土壤環境質量標準二級標準值，但所有樣點均未超過國傢土壤環境質量標準三級標準值。汾河臨汾段汙灌區土壤各重金屬地纍積指數錶現為 Hg＞Cd＞Pb＞Cu＞Zn＞As＞Ni＞Cr，各重金屬潛在生態危害繫數錶現為 Hg＞Cd＞Pb＞As＞Cu＞Ni＞Cr＞Zn，土壤環境總體處于無至中－彊度汙染水平，存在彊度危害風險。汙染較嚴重的重金屬元素不僅受灌溉水質影響，還與灌溉次數、農業施肥、交通運輸、工礦企業生產、日常生活和生產活動密切相關。
위전면료해분하림분단오관구토양중금속오염상황，대해구토양 Zn、Cu、Ni、Pb、Cd、Cr、Hg、As함량진행검측，병채용지루적지수법화잠재생태위해지수법대토양중금속오염진행평개。결과표명，분하림분단오관구토양Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd、Hg、As 평균함량균초과료산서성토양배경치；각중금속평균함량균미초과국가토양배경질량표준이급표준치，부 Ni、Pb、As 분별유5％、37％、1％적채양점초과료국가토양배경질량표준이급표준치，단소유양점균미초과국가토양배경질량표준삼급표준치。분하림분단오관구토양각중금속지루적지수표현위 Hg＞Cd＞Pb＞Cu＞Zn＞As＞Ni＞Cr，각중금속잠재생태위해계수표현위 Hg＞Cd＞Pb＞As＞Cu＞Ni＞Cr＞Zn，토양배경총체처우무지중－강도오염수평，존재강도위해풍험。오염교엄중적중금속원소불부수관개수질영향，환여관개차수、농업시비、교통운수、공광기업생산、일상생활화생산활동밀절상관。
In order to determine the pollution condition of heavy metal in the soil of sevage irrigation region of Fen River in Linfen area,the contents of Zn,Cu,Ni,Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As in this area were analyzed,and the potential ecological risk index and geoaccumulation index were used to evaluate the degree of heavy metal contamination in soil.The results indicated that the average contents of Zn,Cu,Pb,Cd,Hg and As were higher than the background values of that in Shanxi soil;the average contents of Zn,Cu,Ni,Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As were lower than the second class limit value of that in the nation standard for soil environment quality,except the content of Ni in 5% sampling points,the content of Pb in 3 7% sampling points and the content of As in 1%sampling points;the average contents of Zn,Cu,Ni,Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As were lower than the third class limit value of that in the nation standard for soil environment quality in all sampling points.The geoaccumulation index order was Hg>Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn>As>Ni>Cr,the potential ecological risk index order was Hg>Cd>Pb>As>Cu>Ni>Cr>Zn,the pollution level was no to moderate-strong pollution level,the risk intensity was strong.Heavy metals with high levels of pollution were affected not only by the quality of irrigation water,but also by the irrigation times,agricultural fertilization,transportation,industrial and mining enterprises,daily life and production activities were closely related.
