CAJ | 학술논문

四合木作为荒漠群落的建群种，对当地生态系统稳定及生态环境保护具有不可替代的作用。通过对四合木根系发育特征的分析表明，煤炭资源垮落法开采诱发的地表变形和裂缝极易使四合木须根断裂，同时根系范围内土壤保水性能发生改变，影响四合木的生长发育。基于开采沉陷学相关原理，推导了地表拉伸应变的计算公式，分析了地表裂缝发育特征，得出开采厚度与地表拉应变的对应关系。基于充填开采等价采高理论，建立了固体废弃物充填开采时的等价开采厚度与地表裂缝发育及四合木须根断裂的对应关系，即在一定充填率下开采诱发的地表拉伸应变小于四合木须根的平均极限拉应变时，四合木的根系生长将不受影响。因此，采空区充填是保护四合木生长的有效开采方法。
사합목작위황막군락적건군충，대당지생태계통은정급생태배경보호구유불가체대적작용。통과대사합목근계발육특정적분석표명，매탄자원과락법개채유발적지표변형화렬봉겁역사사합목수근단렬，동시근계범위내토양보수성능발생개변，영향사합목적생장발육。기우개채침함학상관원리，추도료지표랍신응변적계산공식，분석료지표렬봉발육특정，득출개채후도여지표랍응변적대응관계。기우충전개채등개채고이론，건립료고체폐기물충전개채시적등개개채후도여지표렬봉발육급사합목수근단렬적대응관계，즉재일정충전솔하개채유발적지표랍신응변소우사합목수근적평균겁한랍응변시，사합목적근계생장장불수영향。인차，채공구충전시보호사합목생장적유효개채방법。
Tetraena mongolice maxin plays an irreplaceable role in ecological system stability and en-vironment protection as the constructive species in desert areas. By investigating and analyzing on the growth characteristics of Tetraena mongolice maxin roots, this paper puts forwards that Tetraena mon-golice maxin fibrous root is prone to be broken for the surface deformations and cracks induced by un-derground caving mining. And mining changes the water retention property of the soil in the region of root system, which affects the growth and reproduction of Tetraena mongolice maxin. In this paper, the calculating formulas of surface tensile strain are deduced and the characteristics of surface cracks are analyzed based on mining subsidence theory. Then the corresponding relationship between mining thickness and surface tensile strain are concluded. Based on the equivalent height theory of backfilling mining, the corresponding relationship between equivalent mining thickness with surface fracture de-velopment and broken roots of Tetraena mongolice maxin is established. Namely, roots growth of Te-traena mongolice maxin remains unaffected when the surface tensile strain was less than the average ultimate tensile strain of roots. Therefore, goaf backfilling is an effective mining method to protect the Tetraena mongolice maxin.