生态环境学报
生態環境學報
생태배경학보
ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
2013年
10期
1688-1694
,共7页
杨春%谭太龙%张力%余佳玲%廖琼%张振华%刘强%荣湘民%宋海星%官春云
楊春%譚太龍%張力%餘佳玲%廖瓊%張振華%劉彊%榮湘民%宋海星%官春雲
양춘%담태룡%장력%여가령%료경%장진화%류강%영상민%송해성%관춘운
大气CO2%油菜%氮素同化酶%可溶性蛋白%氮素累积量
大氣CO2%油菜%氮素同化酶%可溶性蛋白%氮素纍積量
대기CO2%유채%담소동화매%가용성단백%담소루적량
atmosphere CO2%Oilseed rape%Nitrogen(N) assimilation enzymes%Soluble protein%N accumulation
为了指导高CO2浓度条件下甘蓝型油菜Brassica napus L.合理施氮、创建油菜高产高效以及进一步探明油菜氮代谢的调节机制提供理论依据，本研究采用微区试验，研究2个油菜品种（沪油15-33号和742-2）在2个CO2浓度水平（自然CO2摩尔分数400μmol·mol-1和高CO2摩尔分数(800±20)μmol·mol-1）和2个氮素水平（施氮与不施氮）条件下，氮素同化酶（NR和GS）活性和可溶性蛋白含量的变化，以及油菜地上部干物质量和氮素累积量的响应。试验结果表明，高CO2浓度会提高NR和GS活性；在氮素处理的影响方面，NR活性的变化与油菜的品种和生育时期不同有关：在高CO2浓度条件下，品种A在各时期的施氮处理的酶活性高于不施氮处理；品种B只在抽薹期的施氮处理低于不施氮处理，其他时期则升高；对于GS酶活性，在自然CO2浓度条件下施氮会提高GS酶活性，高CO2浓度条件下施氮则降低其活性（苗期除外）。CO2浓度升高会降低叶片中可溶性蛋白含量（盛花期除外）；在正常CO2浓度下，增施氮肥会提高叶片中可溶性蛋白含量，而在高CO2浓度下，增施氮肥会降低叶片中可溶性蛋白含量。CO2浓度升高和增施氮肥都会提高油菜地上部干物质量与氮素累积量，油菜干物质量与氮素累积量总体上与上述测定指标呈极显著相关。
為瞭指導高CO2濃度條件下甘藍型油菜Brassica napus L.閤理施氮、創建油菜高產高效以及進一步探明油菜氮代謝的調節機製提供理論依據，本研究採用微區試驗，研究2箇油菜品種（滬油15-33號和742-2）在2箇CO2濃度水平（自然CO2摩爾分數400μmol·mol-1和高CO2摩爾分數(800±20)μmol·mol-1）和2箇氮素水平（施氮與不施氮）條件下，氮素同化酶（NR和GS）活性和可溶性蛋白含量的變化，以及油菜地上部榦物質量和氮素纍積量的響應。試驗結果錶明，高CO2濃度會提高NR和GS活性；在氮素處理的影響方麵，NR活性的變化與油菜的品種和生育時期不同有關：在高CO2濃度條件下，品種A在各時期的施氮處理的酶活性高于不施氮處理；品種B隻在抽薹期的施氮處理低于不施氮處理，其他時期則升高；對于GS酶活性，在自然CO2濃度條件下施氮會提高GS酶活性，高CO2濃度條件下施氮則降低其活性（苗期除外）。CO2濃度升高會降低葉片中可溶性蛋白含量（盛花期除外）；在正常CO2濃度下，增施氮肥會提高葉片中可溶性蛋白含量，而在高CO2濃度下，增施氮肥會降低葉片中可溶性蛋白含量。CO2濃度升高和增施氮肥都會提高油菜地上部榦物質量與氮素纍積量，油菜榦物質量與氮素纍積量總體上與上述測定指標呈極顯著相關。
위료지도고CO2농도조건하감람형유채Brassica napus L.합리시담、창건유채고산고효이급진일보탐명유채담대사적조절궤제제공이론의거，본연구채용미구시험，연구2개유채품충（호유15-33호화742-2）재2개CO2농도수평（자연CO2마이분수400μmol·mol-1화고CO2마이분수(800±20)μmol·mol-1）화2개담소수평（시담여불시담）조건하，담소동화매（NR화GS）활성화가용성단백함량적변화，이급유채지상부간물질량화담소루적량적향응。시험결과표명，고CO2농도회제고NR화GS활성；재담소처리적영향방면，NR활성적변화여유채적품충화생육시기불동유관：재고CO2농도조건하，품충A재각시기적시담처리적매활성고우불시담처리；품충B지재추대기적시담처리저우불시담처리，기타시기칙승고；대우GS매활성，재자연CO2농도조건하시담회제고GS매활성，고CO2농도조건하시담칙강저기활성（묘기제외）。CO2농도승고회강저협편중가용성단백함량（성화기제외）；재정상CO2농도하，증시담비회제고협편중가용성단백함량，이재고CO2농도하，증시담비회강저협편중가용성단백함량。CO2농도승고화증시담비도회제고유채지상부간물질량여담소루적량，유채간물질량여담소루적량총체상여상술측정지표정겁현저상관。
In order to provide guidance for reasonable nitrogen (N) fertilizer application of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) under high CO2 concentration in atmosphere, create parameters with high yield and efficiency, and supply theoretical basis for further investigate of N metabolism regulation mechanisms. Micro-plot experiment was conducted with 2 rapeseed genotypes (Huyou15-33 and 742-2) and 2 CO2 concentrations (normal:400μmol·mol-1, high:(800±20)μmol·mol-1) under 2 different N application levels (N application, no N), study on the changes of NR and GS activities, soluble protein content and the response of shoot dry weight and accumulation amount of N to CO2 concentrations.Results show that NR and GS activities are increased in high CO2 concentration treatment;NR activity is closely relate to reapeseed genotypes and growth stages. Enzymes activities of A genotype in N application treatment are higher than no N application treatment under high CO2 concentration condition;enzymes activities of B genotype in N application treatment are lower than no N application treatment only at the elongation stage, expressed reverse changes at others growth stages;GS activity is increased under N application condition with normal CO2 concentration, decreased in high CO2 concentration treatment (accept seedling stage).Content of soluble protein in leaves is decreased under high CO2 concentration condition (except flowering stage); high N fertilizer application can increase the soluble protein content in leaves under normal CO2 concentration condition, while the reverse situation of soluble protein content in leaves is expressed in high CO2 concentration treatment. Shoot dry weight and N accumulation amount are increased under high CO2 concentration and high N application conditions, dry biomass and N accumulation amount in rapeseed are generally significant correlated with the above physiological parameters.
