CAJ | 학술논문

鱼类产卵场是鱼类栖息地中重要且敏感的场所，其独特的水力特性对鱼类繁殖过程具有重要的生态学意义。构建鱼类产卵场水力生境指标体系是准确、全面描述鱼类产卵场水力特性的基础。本文从流体力学的角度出发，将鱼类产卵场水力特性分为几何形态特征、水体运动学特征及水体动力学特征三个层面；结合各指标对鱼类产卵的生态学意义，提出包括水深、流速、流速梯度、涡量及动能梯度的指标层。以长江上游特有鱼类齐口裂腹鱼产卵场为例，进一步验证了各水力学指标的代表性，结果表明，齐口裂腹鱼产卵河段各水力学指标分布规律与非产卵河段有显著差异。在此基础上，构建了鱼类产卵场水力生境指标体系。
어류산란장시어류서식지중중요차민감적장소，기독특적수력특성대어류번식과정구유중요적생태학의의。구건어류산란장수력생경지표체계시준학、전면묘술어류산란장수력특성적기출。본문종류체역학적각도출발，장어류산란장수력특성분위궤하형태특정、수체운동학특정급수체동역학특정삼개층면；결합각지표대어류산란적생태학의의，제출포괄수심、류속、류속제도、와량급동능제도적지표층。이장강상유특유어류제구렬복어산란장위례，진일보험증료각수역학지표적대표성，결과표명，제구렬복어산란하단각수역학지표분포규률여비산란하단유현저차이。재차기출상，구건료어류산란장수력생경지표체계。
Spawning ground is an important and sensitive habitat to fish,and its unique hydraulic character-istics play a significant ecological role during fishes’ breeding period. To describe the hydraulic characteris-tics of fish spawning ground thoroughly and accurately, an index system has been proposed in this paper. Firstly,hydraulic parameters of spawning grounds were divided as geometric characteristic variables,flow ki-nematic variables and dynamic variables from the view of hydrodynamics. Then according to the ecological significance of each parameter, the important variables such as depth, velocity, velocity gradient, vorticity and energy gradient were proposed to describe hydraulic characteristics of fish spawning ground. Further-more, spawning ground of Schizothorax prenanti, an endemic fish in the upper reach of Yangtze River, was taken as an example to verify the representativeness of these parameters. The values of these hydraulic variables in the spawning and non-spawning reaches were calculated and compared respectively. The tested results show that there are significant differences between spawning reach and non-spawning reach in the hydraulic parameters distribution, and indicate that the index system composed of depth, velocity, velocity gradient,vorticity and energy gradient is reasonable and applicable.