CAJ | 학술논문

目的描述孕期乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)携带者和HBV宫内感染的新生儿HBV标志物的检测情况,分析孕期母体携带HBV与子代HBV宫内感染之间的关系,评估孕晚期注射乙肝免疫球蛋白预防新生儿HBV宫内感染的效果。方法在产前常规检查中,应用酶联免疫吸附试验检测合肥地区3415例孕妇的血清HBV标志物,将114例HBV携带孕妇作为研究对象；在孕妇产后采集新生儿脐带血,检测HBV标志物。采用字2检验分析孕期不同HBV感染状况和孕晚期是否注射乙肝免疫球蛋白与新生儿宫内感染 HBV之间的关系。结果共计检测了3415例孕妇,HBV携带率为3.34%(114/3415)。在112例HBV携带孕妇所分娩的112例活产新生儿中,有33例新生儿发生了HBV宫内感染,感染率为29.46%。3种常见的孕期HBV感染类型的孕妇其新生儿发生宫内HBV感染的发生率差异无统计学意义。有乙肝免疫球蛋白(HBIG)接种史的孕妇所分娩的新生儿HBV宫内感染发生率(13.16%)明显低于无HBIG接种史的孕妇所分娩的新生儿(37.83%),差异有统计学意义(X2=7.36, P<0.01)。结论合肥地区孕妇 HBV 携带率较低；孕妇HBeAg阳性可能是HBV宫内感染的危险因素；孕晚期注射HBIG能有效降低子代HBV宫内感染的发生率。
목적묘술잉기을형간염병독(HBV)휴대자화HBV궁내감염적신생인HBV표지물적검측정황,분석잉기모체휴대HBV여자대HBV궁내감염지간적관계,평고잉만기주사을간면역구단백예방신생인HBV궁내감염적효과。방법재산전상규검사중,응용매련면역흡부시험검측합비지구3415례잉부적혈청HBV표지물,장114례HBV휴대잉부작위연구대상；재잉부산후채집신생인제대혈,검측HBV표지물。채용자2검험분석잉기불동HBV감염상황화잉만기시부주사을간면역구단백여신생인궁내감염 HBV지간적관계。결과공계검측료3415례잉부,HBV휴대솔위3.34%(114/3415)。재112례HBV휴대잉부소분면적112례활산신생인중,유33례신생인발생료HBV궁내감염,감염솔위29.46%。3충상견적잉기HBV감염류형적잉부기신생인발생궁내HBV감염적발생솔차이무통계학의의。유을간면역구단백(HBIG)접충사적잉부소분면적신생인HBV궁내감염발생솔(13.16%)명현저우무HBIG접충사적잉부소분면적신생인(37.83%),차이유통계학의의(X2=7.36, P<0.01)。결론합비지구잉부 HBV 휴대솔교저；잉부HBeAg양성가능시HBV궁내감염적위험인소；잉만기주사HBIG능유효강저자대HBV궁내감염적발생솔。
Objective To describe the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) carrier among pregnant women and HBV intrauterine infection in newborns. To examine the relationship between maternal HBV infection during preg-nancy and HBV intrauterine infection in newborns, and to evaluate the efficacy of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) in interrupting HBV intrauterine infection during late pregnancy. Methods Before delivery, HBV sero-logical markers were tested by ELISA among 3 415 pregnant women under routine examination. Totally 114 preg-nant women with HBV were screened as target population. After delivery, umbilical bloods of neonates were tested. Chi-square test was used to compare the rate of HBV intrauterine infection in different groups. Results A total of 3 415 pregnant women from Hefei area were tested and HBV carrying rate was 3.34% (114/3 415). Among 112 neonates 33 were infected with HBV (29.46%). No significant difference was found among pregnant women with three types of common HBV infection. HBV intrauterine infection rate of neonates to mother with HBIG inoculation (13.16%) was significantly lower than those without HBIG inoculation (37.83%) (X2 =7.36, P<0.01). Con-clusion HBV carrying rate is low among pregnant women in Hefei. Positive maternal HBeAg is the risk factor of HBV intrauterine infection. HBV intrauterine infection can be interrupted effectively using HBIG during late preg-nancy.