CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解上海市闸北区和田路小学小学生屈光状态变化，分析屈光状态变化与各影响因素的关系。 　　方法：以2011-05被调查的上海市闸北区和田路小学6～12岁的全体在校学生为样本进行为期1 a的调查，总计303名606眼。所有调查对象均检查年龄（ age ）、身高（height，H）、体质量（weight，W）、裸眼视力（uncorrected visual acuity ， UCVA ）、球镜屈光度（ diopter of spherical ， DS）、柱镜屈光度（ diopter of cylinder ， DC ）、等效球镜（ spherical equivalent ，SE）、眼轴长度（ axial length ，AL）及角膜曲率（ corneal curvature ， K ），并分析整体屈光状态变化趋势及各相关因素与屈光状态变化的关系。 　　结果：入选调查对象606眼平均SE变化-0．45±0．60D，平均AL增长0．32±0．25mm，AL增长与SE度数变化呈正相关（r＝0．409，P＜0．01），其中有473眼向近视方向发展（ SE的变化为负值），占总体的78．1％。 AL增长与W增长相关性分析发现， W增长在4～6 kg/年， AL增长最慢（0.28±0．20mm，P＝0．004）；AL增长在6～8岁组最快（0.39±0．24mm，P＜0．01）。 H增长与DS，DC，SE及AL增长均无明显统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。2012年视力不良（UCVA＜1．0）发生率（47．0％）比2011年（31．5％）明显增高；10岁以上组（52％）比10岁以下组高10％。 　　结论：上海市闸北区和田路小学小学生中，屈光状态的进展主要以近视为主，儿童屈光状态进展与眼轴及生长发育密切相关。
목적：료해상해시갑북구화전로소학소학생굴광상태변화，분석굴광상태변화여각영향인소적관계。 　　방법：이2011-05피조사적상해시갑북구화전로소학6～12세적전체재교학생위양본진행위기1 a적조사，총계303명606안。소유조사대상균검사년령（ age ）、신고（height，H）、체질량（weight，W）、라안시력（uncorrected visual acuity ， UCVA ）、구경굴광도（ diopter of spherical ， DS）、주경굴광도（ diopter of cylinder ， DC ）、등효구경（ spherical equivalent ，SE）、안축장도（ axial length ，AL）급각막곡솔（ corneal curvature ， K ），병분석정체굴광상태변화추세급각상관인소여굴광상태변화적관계。 　　결과：입선조사대상606안평균SE변화-0．45±0．60D，평균AL증장0．32±0．25mm，AL증장여SE도수변화정정상관（r＝0．409，P＜0．01），기중유473안향근시방향발전（ SE적변화위부치），점총체적78．1％。 AL증장여W증장상관성분석발현， W증장재4～6 kg/년， AL증장최만（0.28±0．20mm，P＝0．004）；AL증장재6～8세조최쾌（0.39±0．24mm，P＜0．01）。 H증장여DS，DC，SE급AL증장균무명현통계학의의（ P＞0．05）。2012년시력불량（UCVA＜1．0）발생솔（47．0％）비2011년（31．5％）명현증고；10세이상조（52％）비10세이하조고10％。 　　결론：상해시갑북구화전로소학소학생중，굴광상태적진전주요이근시위주，인동굴광상태진전여안축급생장발육밀절상관。
AIM:To investigate the progression of refractive errors of pupils in Hetian Road primary school of Shanghai Zhabei community and analyze the relationship between refractive errors progression and relative factors. METHODS:All the 6-12 years old in-school pupils in Hetian Road primary school of Shanghai Zhabei community were invited in the study. The participates were examined first-visit in May 2011 and second-visit in May 2012.All the 303 pupils (606 eyes) were investigated the age, height ( H ) , weight ( W ) , uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA ) , diopter of spherical ( DS ) , diopter of cylinder ( DC ) , spherical equivalent ( SE ) , axial length ( AL ) , and corneal curvature ( K ) . The progression of refractive condition was described and the relevant factors were analyzed. RESULTS:Among 606 eyes, the progression of average SE was -0.45 ±0.60D and the progression of average AL was 0.32 ±0.25mm.The progression of SE diopter was positively correlated with the progression of AL ( r=0.409, P<0.01).Among all eyes, 473 eyes of them developed to myopia ( the progression of SE was negative ) with the prevalence of 78.1%.To analyze the relationship between the progression of AL and W, when the pupils with the weight increased among 4-6kg/a, their progression of AL was the slowest (0.28 ±0.20mm, P=0.004 ) .The youngest pupils with 6-8 years old, had the fastest progression of AL (0.39 ±0.24mm, P<0.01).There was no significantly different between H growth and DS, DC or SE (P>0.05). The incidence of poor sight (UCVA<1.0) in 2012 (47.0%) was higher than that in 2011 ( 31.5%) , while it was also higher in 10-year older group(52%) than that in 10-year younger group(10%). CONCLUSION: Myopia is the main progression of refractive error in the pupils of Hetian Road primary school in Shanghai Zhabei community.AL and growth development is closely related to the progression of refractive errors.