CAJ | 학술논문

为进一步了解黑麦草还田对后茬作物可能的作用，本试验研究了不同质量分数的黑麦草浸提液（0％、5％、7．5％和10％）对水稻、大豆和玉米种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：从种子发芽率来看，5％和7．5％浸提液促进水稻发芽，10％浸提液抑制水稻发芽，3种质量分数的黑麦草浸提液均在一定程度抑制了大豆和玉米的发芽率；从幼苗根长来看，5％的浸提液对水稻幼苗根长有一定的促进作用，7．5％和10％的浸提液对水稻幼苗根长显著的抑制效果，黑麦草浸提液均一定程度抑制了大豆和玉米幼苗根的生长。从作物幼苗苗高来看，7．5％的浸提液对玉米幼苗苗高生长有一定的促进作用，10％浸提液则表现了明显的抑制作用。从幼苗干质量来看，5％浸提液对水稻、大豆干物质的积累具有显著的促进作用，7．5％和10％浸提液对大豆和水稻干物质累积具有抑制作用；随着黑麦草浸提液浓度上升对玉米干物质累积抑制作用呈上升趋势，5％浸提液处理与7．5％和10％浸提液处理间存在显著差异。综合来看，黑麦草浸提液抑制了大豆种子的萌发，对水稻和玉米种子萌发存在“低促高抑”现象，10％的黑麦草浸提液抑制了水稻、大豆和玉米的幼苗生长。农田冬季种植黑麦草作为绿肥还田需要根据后茬作物的种类进行不同比例的还田量，以利于后茬作物的生长，维持作物高产。
위진일보료해흑맥초환전대후치작물가능적작용，본시험연구료불동질량분수적흑맥초침제액（0％、5％、7．5％화10％）대수도、대두화옥미충자맹발화유묘생장적영향。결과표명：종충자발아솔래간，5％화7．5％침제액촉진수도발아，10％침제액억제수도발아，3충질량분수적흑맥초침제액균재일정정도억제료대두화옥미적발아솔；종유묘근장래간，5％적침제액대수도유묘근장유일정적촉진작용，7．5％화10％적침제액대수도유묘근장현저적억제효과，흑맥초침제액균일정정도억제료대두화옥미유묘근적생장。종작물유묘묘고래간，7．5％적침제액대옥미유묘묘고생장유일정적촉진작용，10％침제액칙표현료명현적억제작용。종유묘간질량래간，5％침제액대수도、대두간물질적적루구유현저적촉진작용，7．5％화10％침제액대대두화수도간물질루적구유억제작용；수착흑맥초침제액농도상승대옥미간물질루적억제작용정상승추세，5％침제액처리여7．5％화10％침제액처리간존재현저차이。종합래간，흑맥초침제액억제료대두충자적맹발，대수도화옥미충자맹발존재“저촉고억”현상，10％적흑맥초침제액억제료수도、대두화옥미적유묘생장。농전동계충식흑맥초작위록비환전수요근거후치작물적충류진행불동비례적환전량，이리우후치작물적생장，유지작물고산。
In order to further understand the possible impact of perennial ryegrass returning on succeeding crops,the influence of different concentrations of the water extracts of perennial ryegrass ( 0%,5%,7.5%and 10%) on seed germination and seedling growth of rice ,soybean and corn was studied .The results showed that:from the perspective of seed germination rate ,5%and 7.5% concentration promoted the germination of rice ,10%concentration inhibited the germination of rice ,and three kinds of concentrations of the water extracts of pe-rennial ryegrass inhibited the seed germination rate of soybean and corn in some extent .From the perspective of seedling root length ,5%concentration of the water extracts had certain promoting effect on rice seedling root length,7.5%and 10%concentrations had significant inhibitatory effect on rice seedling root length ,the water ex-tracts of perennial ryegrass inhibited the growth of seedling root of soybean and corn .From the perspective of crop seedling height ,7.5%concentration of the water extracts had certain promoting effect on corn ,10%concentration showed obvious inhibitatory effect .From the perspective of seedling dry weight ,5%concentration of the water ex-tracts had significant promoting effect on the dry matter accumulation of rice and soybean ,7.5%and 10%con-centration had inhibitatory effect on the dry matter accumulation of rice and soybean ;the inhibitatory effect on the dry matter accumulation of corn increased with the concentration of the water extracts of perennial ryegrass , there were significant difference among 5%and 7.5%,10%concentrations .In conclusion ,the water extract of pe-rennial ryegrass had a“hormesis effect”on corn and rice ,and inhibited the seed germination of soybean ,10%concentration of the water extracts of perennial ryegrass inhibited the seedling growth of rice ,soybean and corn . The optimum proportions of perennial ryegrass returning amount in paddy field should be based on the kinds of succeeding crops ,so as to improve the growth of succeeding crops and maintaining high yield .