CAJ | 학술논문

背景：目前重编程技术的快速发展为干细胞的研究提供了广泛的前景。诱导多能干细胞避免了胚胎干细胞在研究及应用过程中面临的伦理问题，通过重编程技术可以获得患者特异性诱导多能干细胞和疾病特异性诱导多能干细胞，显著减少了免疫排斥反应。然而重编程技术还存在一些难题：如效率低、安全问题等。 　　目的：以诱导多能干细胞特点及重编程的基本原理为出发点，从细胞来源、载体、转录因子、microRNA、信号转导通路等5个方面，论述重编程技术的研究进展。 　　方法：以“重编程，诱导多能干细胞，信号转导通路，表观遗传，microRNA，转录因子，载体，体细胞，小分子化合物，安全性”为中文检索词，“reprogramming, induced pluripotent stem cel ，signal transduction pathway，epigenetics，microRNA，transcription factor，vector，somatic cel ，smal molecule compound， safety”为英文检索词，应用计算机检索维普(VIP)期刊全文数据库、万方全文数据库、中国知网全文数据库、PubMed数据库、Springer数据库1990年1月至2013年4月有关诱导多能干细胞与细胞重编程技术的文献，排除与研究目的无关及重复性研究，保留67篇文献进一步分析。 　　结果与结论：通过尝试运用不同种类的细胞、载体、转录因子、microRNA 或抑制信号转导通路，重编程效率有所提高，安全问题有所改善。但目前这些技术难题仍然未被解决，诱导多能干细胞仍不能用于临床。要实现诱导多能干细胞在临床上的应用，必须进一步明确重编程的机制，优化重编程策略。
배경：목전중편정기술적쾌속발전위간세포적연구제공료엄범적전경。유도다능간세포피면료배태간세포재연구급응용과정중면림적윤리문제，통과중편정기술가이획득환자특이성유도다능간세포화질병특이성유도다능간세포，현저감소료면역배척반응。연이중편정기술환존재일사난제：여효솔저、안전문제등。 　　목적：이유도다능간세포특점급중편정적기본원리위출발점，종세포래원、재체、전록인자、microRNA、신호전도통로등5개방면，논술중편정기술적연구진전。 　　방법：이“중편정，유도다능간세포，신호전도통로，표관유전，microRNA，전록인자，재체，체세포，소분자화합물，안전성”위중문검색사，“reprogramming, induced pluripotent stem cel ，signal transduction pathway，epigenetics，microRNA，transcription factor，vector，somatic cel ，smal molecule compound， safety”위영문검색사，응용계산궤검색유보(VIP)기간전문수거고、만방전문수거고、중국지망전문수거고、PubMed수거고、Springer수거고1990년1월지2013년4월유관유도다능간세포여세포중편정기술적문헌，배제여연구목적무관급중복성연구，보류67편문헌진일보분석。 　　결과여결론：통과상시운용불동충류적세포、재체、전록인자、microRNA 혹억제신호전도통로，중편정효솔유소제고，안전문제유소개선。단목전저사기술난제잉연미피해결，유도다능간세포잉불능용우림상。요실현유도다능간세포재림상상적응용，필수진일보명학중편정적궤제，우화중편정책략。
BACKGROUND:At present, the development of reprogramming technology provides a wide prospect for stem cellresearch. Through the ectopic co-expression of reprogramming factors, the somatic cells can be reprogrammed to a pluripotent state, termed as induced pluripotent stem cells, which can avoid the ethical controversy faced in the research and application of embryonic stem cells. Also, we can generate patient-specific and disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cells, which significantly decrease immuno-rejection. However, reprogramming technology faces some chal enges, such as low efficiency and safety. OBJECTIVE:Based on the characteristics of induced pluripotent stem cells and the principles of reprogramming, to detail the progress in reprogramming technology from five aspects, including cellresources, carriers, transcription factors, microRNA and signal transduction pathway.  METHODS:A computer-based online retrieval was performed to search papers published form January 1990 to April 2013 in VIP periodical ful-text database, Wanfang periodical ful-text database, CNKI periodical ful-text database, PubMed database and Springer database with key words of“reprogramming, induced pluripotent stem cell, signal transduction pathway, epigenetics, microRNA, transcription factor, vector, somatic cell, smal molecule compound, safety”both in Chinese and English. After excluding objective-independent papers, 67 papers were included for further analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:By exploring different cellresources, different carriers, various combination of transcription factors, microRNAs or inhibition of the signal transduction pathways, the reprogramming efficiency and safety have been improved greatly. However, currently, induced pluripotent stem cells stil could not meet the requirement of clinical application. To achieve the clinical application of induced pluripotent stem cells, it is urgent to explore the mechanism of reprogramming, and to optimize the programming strategy.