CAJ | 학술논문

该文以中国社会经济转型发展为切入点，探讨转型期中国农村土地综合整治面临的宏观背景和现实需求，进一步梳理和明确转型期中国农村土地综合整治基本方向、战略重点。结果表明，当前中国社会经济转型将进入较为剧烈、各类矛盾较为突出的关键时期，中国农村土地综合整治应立足农村、联动城乡，搭建新农村建设和城乡统筹发展新平台。以农用地整治及宜耕土地开发为先导，以农村居民点用地整治为战略重心是当前中国土地整治研究重点领域和核心内容。同时，基于农村土地整治多功能性，开展土地综合整治的多区域、多尺度社会经济、生态环境影响过程及其效应研究。把生态文明建设融入农村土地整治的全过程，以促进城乡一体化发展和适应现代农业专业化、标准化、规模化和集约化发展要求为目标，以维护农民合法权益为前提，以集中连片推进为手段，开展多目标土地综合整治是转型期中国农村土地整治的基本方向。并应加强对农村土地综合整治过程涉及的资金筹措与权益分配、资源环境效应及其整治模式等方面的研究。
해문이중국사회경제전형발전위절입점，탐토전형기중국농촌토지종합정치면림적굉관배경화현실수구，진일보소리화명학전형기중국농촌토지종합정치기본방향、전략중점。결과표명，당전중국사회경제전형장진입교위극렬、각류모순교위돌출적관건시기，중국농촌토지종합정치응립족농촌、련동성향，탑건신농촌건설화성향통주발전신평태。이농용지정치급의경토지개발위선도，이농촌거민점용지정치위전략중심시당전중국토지정치연구중점영역화핵심내용。동시，기우농촌토지정치다공능성，개전토지종합정치적다구역、다척도사회경제、생태배경영향과정급기효응연구。파생태문명건설융입농촌토지정치적전과정，이촉진성향일체화발전화괄응현대농업전업화、표준화、규모화화집약화발전요구위목표，이유호농민합법권익위전제，이집중련편추진위수단，개전다목표토지종합정치시전형기중국농촌토지정치적기본방향。병응가강대농촌토지종합정치과정섭급적자금주조여권익분배、자원배경효응급기정치모식등방면적연구。
This paper presents a comprehensive discussion on the macro-background and real requirements of Chinese rural-land comprehensive consolidation in a transitional period in the perspective of transformational development of Chinese socio-economy, and then undertook a further study to sum up the key research fields and basic directions of Chinese rural land comprehensive consolidation, which have made theoretical and practical significance of solving problems faced by agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, and promoting rural and urban integrated development. The results have shown Chinese socio-economy has been in a key stage of transformational development with many kinds of acute contradictions, while Chinese rural-land comprehensive consolidation can systematical break the urban-rural dual structure and make progress in integrating economic and social development in urban and rural areas, and it should promote new rural construction and rural-urban integrated development based on the rural areas. Agricultural land consolidation, land development that is suitable to cultivation, and rural residential land consolidation have been the key research fields and core contents of Chinese rural-land comprehensive consolidation. And the development of socio-economy has a characteristic of stages, and China will be entered into modernized society in the middle of the 21st century as a whole. Chinese future rural-land comprehensive consolidation should be focused on the following aspects: (1) based on the improvement of ecological environment, it should take ecological civilization construction into the whole progress of rural land consolidation, and complete spatial pattern of landscape diversity in the ecological system. (2) in the purpose of adopting to the requirements of modernized agricultural development, which are specialization, standardization, scale, and intensive development, it should make an technological systems integration of rural land comprehensive consolidation in the following aspects, which separately are key consolidation issues, engineering standards, construction models, and operation modes, and the aims are to develop the agricultural mechanization level and promote the raising of farmers’ income. (3) taking rural-urban integration as the purpose, on the premise of clearing farmers' land property rights, and based on the criteria of maintaining farmers’ reasonable benefits, it should guarantee farmers’ land value increment and realize the transition from government-dominated to government-guiding. (4) based on the diversity of nature, economy, and society in Chinese regions, it should enhance the three characteristics of rural land, which can be stated as resource, property, and capital;and make demonstration effects of rural land comprehensive consolidation prominent by the way of undertaking contiguous consolidation. Meanwhile, based on the multi-functionality of rural land comprehensive consolidation, it should make assessments on the social, economical, and ecological effects of land comprehensive consolidation in multi-regions and multi-dimensions. This paper considered that it should enhance the fund raising and benefits distribution, strengthen the adjustment of land property rights, and promote the innovations of rural-land comprehensive consolidation systems and mechanisms in the process of rural land comprehensive consolidation. In addition, based on the current stage of regional socio-economical development and basic conditions of rural infrastructure facilities, it should choose a transitional path of rural land comprehensive consolidation, which is in accordance with the actual regional situation, to promote the interactive development of urban and rural areas.