农业工程学报
農業工程學報
농업공정학보
2014年
1期
160-168
,共9页
周希正%马春元%张立强%王鹏
週希正%馬春元%張立彊%王鵬
주희정%마춘원%장립강%왕붕
太阳能%几何光学%辐射%能流密度%固定条形镜面聚光器%矢量法
太暘能%幾何光學%輻射%能流密度%固定條形鏡麵聚光器%矢量法
태양능%궤하광학%복사%능류밀도%고정조형경면취광기%시량법
solar energy%geometrical optics%radiation%energy flux density%fixed mirror solar concentrator%vector method
为了提高固定条形镜面太阳能聚光集热器的集热性能，该文介绍了固定条形镜面聚光集热的工作原理，利用矢量分析方法得到了固定条形镜面任一镜元入射角及有效采光面积的计算公式。与此同时，建立了固定条形镜面反射聚光器的腔体式玻璃-金属真空管吸收器三维模型，利用蒙特卡洛光线追迹模拟不同偏转角情况下的聚光吸收器面上能流分布特征、光学效率、光学损失及能流分布。结果表明，镜面反射率和吸收器吸收率分别为0.92、0.9时，聚光系统在太阳光线偏转0～40°角范围内光线吸收率为74.08%～98%、光学效率为56.97%～73.65%。此外试验研究了梯形槽吸收器和腔体式玻璃-金属真空管吸收器在不同偏转角及不同集热温度的热性能。在环境温度和辐射相对较低情况下，腔体式玻璃-金属真空管吸收器的热效率比梯形槽吸收器热效率高2%～3%；流体出口温度由76.7℃升至99.6℃时，腔体式玻璃-金属真空管吸收器效率由46.93%降至39.98%。
為瞭提高固定條形鏡麵太暘能聚光集熱器的集熱性能，該文介紹瞭固定條形鏡麵聚光集熱的工作原理，利用矢量分析方法得到瞭固定條形鏡麵任一鏡元入射角及有效採光麵積的計算公式。與此同時，建立瞭固定條形鏡麵反射聚光器的腔體式玻璃-金屬真空管吸收器三維模型，利用矇特卡洛光線追跡模擬不同偏轉角情況下的聚光吸收器麵上能流分佈特徵、光學效率、光學損失及能流分佈。結果錶明，鏡麵反射率和吸收器吸收率分彆為0.92、0.9時，聚光繫統在太暘光線偏轉0～40°角範圍內光線吸收率為74.08%～98%、光學效率為56.97%～73.65%。此外試驗研究瞭梯形槽吸收器和腔體式玻璃-金屬真空管吸收器在不同偏轉角及不同集熱溫度的熱性能。在環境溫度和輻射相對較低情況下，腔體式玻璃-金屬真空管吸收器的熱效率比梯形槽吸收器熱效率高2%～3%；流體齣口溫度由76.7℃升至99.6℃時，腔體式玻璃-金屬真空管吸收器效率由46.93%降至39.98%。
위료제고고정조형경면태양능취광집열기적집열성능，해문개소료고정조형경면취광집열적공작원리，이용시량분석방법득도료고정조형경면임일경원입사각급유효채광면적적계산공식。여차동시，건립료고정조형경면반사취광기적강체식파리-금속진공관흡수기삼유모형，이용몽특잡락광선추적모의불동편전각정황하적취광흡수기면상능류분포특정、광학효솔、광학손실급능류분포。결과표명，경면반사솔화흡수기흡수솔분별위0.92、0.9시，취광계통재태양광선편전0～40°각범위내광선흡수솔위74.08%～98%、광학효솔위56.97%～73.65%。차외시험연구료제형조흡수기화강체식파리-금속진공관흡수기재불동편전각급불동집열온도적열성능。재배경온도화복사상대교저정황하，강체식파리-금속진공관흡수기적열효솔비제형조흡수기열효솔고2%～3%；류체출구온도유76.7℃승지99.6℃시，강체식파리-금속진공관흡수기효솔유46.93%강지39.98%。
In order to improve the thermal performance of a fixed linear mirror solar concentrator, its working principle was introduced in this paper. The equation of incidence angle and illuminate area had been obtained by vector analysis. At the same time, the 3D model of a cylindrical cavity glass-metal vacuum tube absorber and a fixed linear mirror solar concentrator were established. The Monte Carlo ray tracing method was applied to investigate the concentrating characteristics of the concentrator. The flux distribution on the receiver was simulated and drawn with TracePro software, as a ray trace analysis at different transverse angles determined optical efficiencies, optical loss, and flux distribution of the absorber. The results showed that the overall ray’s acceptance of 74.08%-98%and optical efficiency of 56.97%-73.65%were obtained from the transverse angles of 0° to 40°with the mirror reflectance of 0.92 and the receiver absorbance of 0.9. In addition, the thermal performance of the trapezoidal cavity absorber and the cylindrical cavity absorber were studied experimentally at the different transverse angles and output temperatures. The cylindrical cavity glass-metal vacuum tube absorber had a significant advantage in terms of superior thermal performance as compared to the trapezoidal cavity absorber. The thermal efficiency of the cylindrical cavity glass-metal vacuum tube absorber was higher than the trapezoidal cavity absorber by 2%-3% at the low environment temperature and irradiation under the same condition. The thermal efficiency of the cylindrical cavity glass-metal vacuum tube absorber decreased from 46.93%to 39.98%as the output temperature increased from 76.7℃ to 99.6℃.
