CAJ | 학술논문

目的：分析笔者所在医院儿童药品不良反应（ ADR）的发生特点及影响因素，保障儿童用药安全。方法采用回顾性分析法，对218例儿童ADR报告按照报告类型、患儿年龄、性别、体质量，药品种类、给药途径，临床表现等进行统计分析。结果218例ADR报告中，患儿的平均年龄为（2.99±2.89）岁，平均体质量为（14.18±8.51） kg，男女比例为1.32：1，0~3岁患儿占58.26%；新的和严重的ADR占33.03%；引发ADR最多的是抗微生物药，占67.89%；最主要的给药方式是静脉滴注，占92.20%；ADR累及器官或系统中皮肤及其附件与全身性占80.76%。结论为使儿童ADR监测工作得到持续改进，医院必须有重点的继续加强培训，增强行政监管力度，加大奖惩力度，加强药品的质量控制，临床上继续减少静脉给药频率，加强用药监护，做好急救措施。
목적：분석필자소재의원인동약품불량반응（ ADR）적발생특점급영향인소，보장인동용약안전。방법채용회고성분석법，대218례인동ADR보고안조보고류형、환인년령、성별、체질량，약품충류、급약도경，림상표현등진행통계분석。결과218례ADR보고중，환인적평균년령위（2.99±2.89）세，평균체질량위（14.18±8.51） kg，남녀비례위1.32：1，0~3세환인점58.26%；신적화엄중적ADR점33.03%；인발ADR최다적시항미생물약，점67.89%；최주요적급약방식시정맥적주，점92.20%；ADR루급기관혹계통중피부급기부건여전신성점80.76%。결론위사인동ADR감측공작득도지속개진，의원필수유중점적계속가강배훈，증강행정감관력도，가대장징력도，가강약품적질량공제，림상상계속감소정맥급약빈솔，가강용약감호，주호급구조시。
Objective To analyze the characters and influencing factors of children ADR monitoring in our hospital, and ensure the medical safety for children. Methods Retrospective study was used to analyze 218 cases of children ADR reports statistically in 2012,in accordance with the type of report and children′s age,gender,weight,as well as drug types, routes of administration,clinical manifestation etc. Results In the 218 cases of ADR reports,the children′s average age was(2. 99 ± 2. 89)years,the average weight was(14. 18 ± 8. 51)kg,male to female ratio was 1. 32:1,children of 0~3 years old accounted for 58. 26%;new and severe ADR accounted for 33. 03%;most of the ADR was caused by antimicrobi-al drugs,which accounted for 67. 89%;intravenous infusion,the main route of administration,accounted for 92. 20%;ADR involving the skin and its appendages as well as systemic accounted for 80. 76%. Conclusion In order to get continuous improvement in children ADR monitoring,the hospital must continue to focus on enhancing training,and strengthening ad-ministrative supervision,increase the incentive efforts,strengthen the quality control of medicines,reduce the frequency of intravenous administration,strengthen medication monitoring and first aid measures.