光谱学与光谱分析
光譜學與光譜分析
광보학여광보분석
SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS
2014年
6期
1683-1687
,共5页
微波消解%原子吸收光谱法%曲轴轴承异响%故障检测
微波消解%原子吸收光譜法%麯軸軸承異響%故障檢測
미파소해%원자흡수광보법%곡축축승이향%고장검측
Microwave digestion%Atomic absorption spectrometry%Crankshaft bearing knock%Fault detection
发动机曲轴轴承异响严重影响发动机工作性能。现有的人工经验听诊法和仪器辅助诊断法都难以快速甄别发动机曲轴轴承异响,为此创新性地提出了利用原子吸收光谱法判定汽车发动机曲轴轴承异响故障。对行驶里程分别1000~28000 km,取样间隔约为1000 km,40批次的迈腾2.0发动机润滑油油液样品经微波消解处理后,在高温下转化成原子蒸气,由待测含量物质相同元素做成的空心阴极灯辐射出一定波长的特征辐射,通过石墨炉加热后一部分被基态原子发射。测定吸光度后,再根据由标准系列试样作出的浓度-吸光度工作曲线上,查出油液样品中的主要金属Cu,Pb含量,建立同一车型发动机不同行驶里程数润滑油主要金属Cu,Pb 含量的数据库。研究结果表明主要金属Cu,Pb 含量随着汽车行驶里程数在一定范围内波动。在实际工程应用中,通过测定有发动机曲轴轴承异响发动机的润滑油中主要金属含量,将其与含量变化趋势图进行比对,在不解体状态下,可帮助汽车检测维修人员判定汽车发动机曲轴轴承异响,降低汽车维修成本,提高了发动机曲轴轴承异响故障诊断的准确性。
髮動機麯軸軸承異響嚴重影響髮動機工作性能。現有的人工經驗聽診法和儀器輔助診斷法都難以快速甄彆髮動機麯軸軸承異響,為此創新性地提齣瞭利用原子吸收光譜法判定汽車髮動機麯軸軸承異響故障。對行駛裏程分彆1000~28000 km,取樣間隔約為1000 km,40批次的邁騰2.0髮動機潤滑油油液樣品經微波消解處理後,在高溫下轉化成原子蒸氣,由待測含量物質相同元素做成的空心陰極燈輻射齣一定波長的特徵輻射,通過石墨爐加熱後一部分被基態原子髮射。測定吸光度後,再根據由標準繫列試樣作齣的濃度-吸光度工作麯線上,查齣油液樣品中的主要金屬Cu,Pb含量,建立同一車型髮動機不同行駛裏程數潤滑油主要金屬Cu,Pb 含量的數據庫。研究結果錶明主要金屬Cu,Pb 含量隨著汽車行駛裏程數在一定範圍內波動。在實際工程應用中,通過測定有髮動機麯軸軸承異響髮動機的潤滑油中主要金屬含量,將其與含量變化趨勢圖進行比對,在不解體狀態下,可幫助汽車檢測維脩人員判定汽車髮動機麯軸軸承異響,降低汽車維脩成本,提高瞭髮動機麯軸軸承異響故障診斷的準確性。
발동궤곡축축승이향엄중영향발동궤공작성능。현유적인공경험은진법화의기보조진단법도난이쾌속견별발동궤곡축축승이향,위차창신성지제출료이용원자흡수광보법판정기차발동궤곡축축승이향고장。대행사리정분별1000~28000 km,취양간격약위1000 km,40비차적매등2.0발동궤윤활유유액양품경미파소해처리후,재고온하전화성원자증기,유대측함량물질상동원소주성적공심음겁등복사출일정파장적특정복사,통과석묵로가열후일부분피기태원자발사。측정흡광도후,재근거유표준계렬시양작출적농도-흡광도공작곡선상,사출유액양품중적주요금속Cu,Pb함량,건립동일차형발동궤불동행사리정수윤활유주요금속Cu,Pb 함량적수거고。연구결과표명주요금속Cu,Pb 함량수착기차행사리정수재일정범위내파동。재실제공정응용중,통과측정유발동궤곡축축승이향발동궤적윤활유중주요금속함량,장기여함량변화추세도진행비대,재불해체상태하,가방조기차검측유수인원판정기차발동궤곡축축승이향,강저기차유수성본,제고료발동궤곡축축승이향고장진단적준학성。
The present study was carried out to detect crankshaft bearing knock using atomic absorption spec-trometry (AAS)in an innovative way.Lubricating oil of MAGOTAN 2.0 with mileage of 1000~28000Km and sampling interval of 1000Km changed into atomic vapor in the heat after digesting with microwave.Hollow-cathode lamp made of the same element with metal content under test would radiate characteristic radiation with certain wavelength.A part of atomic vapor was launched with ground state atom after heating with graphite furnace.Concentration-absorbance working curve was finished with standard series sample after ab-sorbance was measured.Finally,element content under test in oil was obtained based on the work curve.Da-tabase of primary element (Cu and Pb)content of lubricating oil in the same engine with different mileage was established.Results showed that Cu,Pb content fluctuates with different mileage in a certain range.In practi-cal engineering applications,primary metal content in lubricating oil of engine crankshaft bearing was measured and compared with content variation trend chart.This new method not only helps automobile maintenance per-sonnel to diagnose crankshaft bearing knock under no-disintegration situation but also is benefit for reducing the maintenance cost of automobile greatly and improving diagnostic accuracy of crankshaft bearing knock.