CAJ | 학술논문

以临安山区典型的冷浸田为试验对象，通过开展田间水稻种植试验，探究生石灰、水稻秸秆和竹质生物炭对冷浸田温室气体（GHG）排放、作物产量和土壤理化性质的影响，旨在为改良冷浸田，实现水稻高产的同时，通过相关措施为实现稻田温室气体减排提供理论依据和技术支撑。结果表明，不同土壤改良处理对水稻产量和土壤肥力都有所提高，其中秸秆还田处理增产效果最显著，产量高达7728.25 kg·hm-2，而施用生物炭对土壤中全氮、有效磷和速效钾含量的提高效果最明显，增幅分别为15.1％、49.0％和22.1％。与常规施肥处理相比，生石灰处理CH4累积排放量提高了21.9％，而生物炭处理CH4累积排放量降低了33.3％。试验各处理氧化亚氮排放通量和累积排放量都较低，其原因可能是各处理稻田土壤一直处于冷水浸润状态，施用生石灰提高了冷浸田土温，激发了微生物的活动，从而导致CH4大量排放，而施用生物炭改善了稻田土壤通气状况，增强甲烷氧化菌活性，进而导致CH4排放量降低。
이림안산구전형적랭침전위시험대상，통과개전전간수도충식시험，탐구생석회、수도갈간화죽질생물탄대랭침전온실기체（GHG）배방、작물산량화토양이화성질적영향，지재위개량랭침전，실현수도고산적동시，통과상관조시위실현도전온실기체감배제공이론의거화기술지탱。결과표명，불동토양개량처리대수도산량화토양비력도유소제고，기중갈간환전처리증산효과최현저，산량고체7728.25 kg·hm-2，이시용생물탄대토양중전담、유효린화속효갑함량적제고효과최명현，증폭분별위15.1％、49.0％화22.1％。여상규시비처리상비，생석회처리CH4루적배방량제고료21.9％，이생물탄처리CH4루적배방량강저료33.3％。시험각처리양화아담배방통량화루적배방량도교저，기원인가능시각처리도전토양일직처우랭수침윤상태，시용생석회제고료랭침전토온，격발료미생물적활동，종이도치CH4대량배방，이시용생물탄개선료도전토양통기상황，증강갑완양화균활성，진이도치CH4배방량강저。
A rice field experiment was conducted to explore the effects of quicklime, rice straw and bamboo biochar applications on the greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions, soil physical- chemical properties and rice yields in a typical cold waterlogged paddy field in Lin′an mountain area, Zhejiang Province. Conventional fertilization without amendments served as a control(CK). Rice yields and soil fertility were generally improved with all amendment treatments as compared with CK. Rice yields were 7 728.25 kg·hm-2 in the rice straw treatment, while 6 685.84 kg·hm-2 in CK. Compared with CK, soil total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium contents in the biochar treatment increased 15.1%, 49.0%and 22.1%, respectively. Cumulative CH4 emissions were increased by 21.9% in the quicklime treat-ment, but decreased by 33.3%in the bamboo biochar treatment in comparison with CK. Such effects could be attributed to increased soil temperature and thus microbial activity by quicklime, and improved soil aeration and methane oxidation by bamboo biochar. However, ni-trous oxide fluxes and cumulative emissions were quite low in all treatments, might due to low nitrification and denitrification from long-term anaerobic condition with cold water. These results could shed light on reclamation of cold waterlogged paddy fields with aim at high yield as well as reduced GHG emission.