干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE ARID AREAS
2013年
6期
248-251,262
,共5页
唐学鹏%赵武云%戴飞%杨正
唐學鵬%趙武雲%戴飛%楊正
당학붕%조무운%대비%양정
全膜覆土播种机%旱地小麦%穴播装置%仿形机构
全膜覆土播種機%旱地小麥%穴播裝置%倣形機構
전막복토파충궤%한지소맥%혈파장치%방형궤구
sower with all membrane covering soil%dry land wheat%all membrane covering soil%dibbling device%profile mechanism
旱地小麦全膜覆土播种一体机是针对全膜覆土穴播技术而研制的，该机可一次性完成旋耕、镇压、铺膜、覆土、播种等工序。该机采取旋耕抛土与铲土板相配合的取土方式，保证了充足的土壤来源，设计了输送带链传动的输土装置、外槽轮式覆土装置，实现了膜上均匀覆土和覆土厚度的控制。设计了仿形机构，实现了穴播装置的地面仿形，并对仿形机构进行动力学仿真，分析了仿形机构的仿形效果。通过样机田间试验测定，覆土厚度的平均值为1．074 cm，覆土宽度的平均值为121．283 cm符合农艺要求，覆土的厚度、宽度的变异系数分别为23．37％和0．96％，符合设计要求。通过实验测定，旋耕镇压后的土壤容重和土壤孔隙度符合农艺要求。
旱地小麥全膜覆土播種一體機是針對全膜覆土穴播技術而研製的，該機可一次性完成鏇耕、鎮壓、鋪膜、覆土、播種等工序。該機採取鏇耕拋土與鏟土闆相配閤的取土方式，保證瞭充足的土壤來源，設計瞭輸送帶鏈傳動的輸土裝置、外槽輪式覆土裝置，實現瞭膜上均勻覆土和覆土厚度的控製。設計瞭倣形機構，實現瞭穴播裝置的地麵倣形，併對倣形機構進行動力學倣真，分析瞭倣形機構的倣形效果。通過樣機田間試驗測定，覆土厚度的平均值為1．074 cm，覆土寬度的平均值為121．283 cm符閤農藝要求，覆土的厚度、寬度的變異繫數分彆為23．37％和0．96％，符閤設計要求。通過實驗測定，鏇耕鎮壓後的土壤容重和土壤孔隙度符閤農藝要求。
한지소맥전막복토파충일체궤시침대전막복토혈파기술이연제적，해궤가일차성완성선경、진압、포막、복토、파충등공서。해궤채취선경포토여산토판상배합적취토방식，보증료충족적토양래원，설계료수송대련전동적수토장치、외조륜식복토장치，실현료막상균균복토화복토후도적공제。설계료방형궤구，실현료혈파장치적지면방형，병대방형궤구진행동역학방진，분석료방형궤구적방형효과。통과양궤전간시험측정，복토후도적평균치위1．074 cm，복토관도적평균치위121．283 cm부합농예요구，복토적후도、관도적변이계수분별위23．37％화0．96％，부합설계요구。통과실험측정，선경진압후적토양용중화토양공극도부합농예요구。
The integrated machine by all membrane covering soil and seeding for dry land wheat was designed and manufactured to the all membrane covering soil and dibbling technology .The procedures of rotary tillage,repression, spread membrane,cover soil,seeding and so on can be completed by this machine at the same time .The taking soil mode as rotary tillage cast soil to match the shovel board was adopted by this machine to ensure the sufficient source of soil .Designed out the devices of conveyor chain to convey soil and outside wheel to turn,realized the control for uniform covering soil on membrane and the covering soil thickness .The profiling mechanism is designed to realize the ground sur-face implementation of dibbling device,and the dynamic simulation was carried out for the profiling mechanism,analyzed the effects of the profiling mechanism .Through the prototype measurement in the field experiment,covering with a mean of 1 .074 cm,the thickness of the overlying soil average width of 121 .283 cm can meet the demands of agronomic,the average soil covering thickness was 1 .074cm and the width was 121 .283 cm to comform the requirements of agronomy. The variation coefficients of the thickness and width was 23 .37%and 0 .96%,respectively,comply with the design re-quirements .Through the field experiment and measurement,the soil bulk density and soil porosity was comformed to the requirements of agronomy after rotary tillage and repression .
