干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE ARID AREAS
2013年
6期
95-98,120
,共5页
张袁%马乐乐%赵伟%周建斌
張袁%馬樂樂%趙偉%週建斌
장원%마악악%조위%주건빈
氮肥%玉米秸秆%大豆秸秆%小麦生物量%小麦产量%氮素利用率
氮肥%玉米秸稈%大豆秸稈%小麥生物量%小麥產量%氮素利用率
담비%옥미갈간%대두갈간%소맥생물량%소맥산량%담소이용솔
nitrogen fertilizer%maize straw%soybean straw%biomass of wheat%grain yield of wheat%nitrogen use efficiency
通过盆栽试验研究了氮肥及其与不同作物秸秆配施对冬小麦生物量、籽粒产量以及氮素吸收利用的影响。本试验共8个处理，不施肥对照（CK）、单施尿素（100％U，150 mg·kg-1）、尿素＋大豆秸秆（UB）、尿素＋玉米秸秆（UM）、120％尿素＋玉米秸秆（120％UM）、110％尿素＋大豆秸秆＋玉米秸秆（110％UBM）、100％尿素＋大豆秸秆＋玉米秸秆（100％UBM）和80％尿素＋大豆秸秆＋玉米秸秆（80％UBM），其中玉米秸秆及大豆秸秆的用量均为2 g·kg-1。结果表明，在返青期，U处理小麦生物量显著高于尿素与秸秆配施各处理。收获期，尿素用量相同的处理相比，秸秆与尿素配施处理的小麦生物量均高于U处理，但差异均未达显著水平；UM和UBM处理小麦籽粒产量均显著高于U处理；降低氮肥用量（80％UBM）小麦籽粒产量与U处理相比，无显著差异；尿素与一种秸秆配施处理小麦氮素利用率均高于单施尿素处理和尿素与两种秸秆配施处理。说明尿素配施秸秆有利于提高小麦生物量、籽粒产量和氮素利用率。
通過盆栽試驗研究瞭氮肥及其與不同作物秸稈配施對鼕小麥生物量、籽粒產量以及氮素吸收利用的影響。本試驗共8箇處理，不施肥對照（CK）、單施尿素（100％U，150 mg·kg-1）、尿素＋大豆秸稈（UB）、尿素＋玉米秸稈（UM）、120％尿素＋玉米秸稈（120％UM）、110％尿素＋大豆秸稈＋玉米秸稈（110％UBM）、100％尿素＋大豆秸稈＋玉米秸稈（100％UBM）和80％尿素＋大豆秸稈＋玉米秸稈（80％UBM），其中玉米秸稈及大豆秸稈的用量均為2 g·kg-1。結果錶明，在返青期，U處理小麥生物量顯著高于尿素與秸稈配施各處理。收穫期，尿素用量相同的處理相比，秸稈與尿素配施處理的小麥生物量均高于U處理，但差異均未達顯著水平；UM和UBM處理小麥籽粒產量均顯著高于U處理；降低氮肥用量（80％UBM）小麥籽粒產量與U處理相比，無顯著差異；尿素與一種秸稈配施處理小麥氮素利用率均高于單施尿素處理和尿素與兩種秸稈配施處理。說明尿素配施秸稈有利于提高小麥生物量、籽粒產量和氮素利用率。
통과분재시험연구료담비급기여불동작물갈간배시대동소맥생물량、자립산량이급담소흡수이용적영향。본시험공8개처리，불시비대조（CK）、단시뇨소（100％U，150 mg·kg-1）、뇨소＋대두갈간（UB）、뇨소＋옥미갈간（UM）、120％뇨소＋옥미갈간（120％UM）、110％뇨소＋대두갈간＋옥미갈간（110％UBM）、100％뇨소＋대두갈간＋옥미갈간（100％UBM）화80％뇨소＋대두갈간＋옥미갈간（80％UBM），기중옥미갈간급대두갈간적용량균위2 g·kg-1。결과표명，재반청기，U처리소맥생물량현저고우뇨소여갈간배시각처리。수획기，뇨소용량상동적처리상비，갈간여뇨소배시처리적소맥생물량균고우U처리，단차이균미체현저수평；UM화UBM처리소맥자립산량균현저고우U처리；강저담비용량（80％UBM）소맥자립산량여U처리상비，무현저차이；뇨소여일충갈간배시처리소맥담소이용솔균고우단시뇨소처리화뇨소여량충갈간배시처리。설명뇨소배시갈간유리우제고소맥생물량、자립산량화담소이용솔。
The influences of N fertilizer and its combination with different crop straws on the biomass,grain yield and nitrogen uptake of winter-wheat were researched with pot experiment .There were eight treatments in the study:no fertilizer (CK),urea (U,150 mg·kg-1 soil),urea+soybean straw (UB),urea+maize straw (UM),120%urea+maize straw (120%UM),1 10%urea+soybean straw+maize straw (1 10%UBM),100%urea+soybean straw+maize straw (100%UBM)and 80%urea+soybean straw+maize straw (80%UBM),in which the application rates of soybean straw and maize straw were equally 2 g·kg-1 soil .The results showed that,at returning green stage,the wheat biomass in the U treatment was significantly higher than that in the treatments of urea combined with different straws;at harvest stage,the wheat biomass in the treatments of urea combined with different straws was higher than that in the urea treat-ments with the same application rate,however,the difference was not significant .The grain yield in both the UM treat-ment and UBM treatment was higher than that in the U treatment .There was no significant difference of grain yield be-tween the 80%UBM treatment and U treatment .The nitrogen use efficiency in the treatments of urea combined with sin-gle straw was generally higher than that in the treatments of urea or urea combined with double straws .It was concluded that the application of urea combined with straw could increase the biomass and grain yield of wheat as well as the nitro-gen use efficiency .
