中国全科医学
中國全科醫學
중국전과의학
CHINESE GENERAL PRACTICE
2014年
29期
3498-3501
,共4页
齐殿君%于晓松%王爽%朗朗%吴彬%何旖旎%朱亮亮%施萍
齊殿君%于曉鬆%王爽%朗朗%吳彬%何旖旎%硃亮亮%施萍
제전군%우효송%왕상%랑랑%오빈%하의니%주량량%시평
健康风险评估%健康管理%问卷调查%公务员
健康風險評估%健康管理%問捲調查%公務員
건강풍험평고%건강관리%문권조사%공무원
Health risk appraisal%Health management%Questionnaires%Civil servants
目的:评估沈阳市某区公务员健康风险并讨论相应对策。方法2011年采用问卷调查法对沈阳市609例参加健康体检的公务员进行问卷调查,内容包括:一般情况、个人疾病史、家族疾病史、吸烟、饮酒、膳食、运动、睡眠、心理状况、居住环境、健康体检信息。采用北京中新惠尔健康科技有限公司授权的健康风险评估软件评估健康风险。结果调查对象中男405例,女204例。未来10年缺血性心血管疾病和肺癌、未来5年糖尿病发病极高风险的例数分别为258例(42.4%)、170例(27.9%)和40例(6.6%);未来10年缺血性心血管疾病和肺癌、未来5年糖尿病、未来4年高血压发病高风险的例数分别为128例(21.0%)、99例(16.3%)、73例(12.0%)和148例(24.3%)。男性健康生活方式较差发生率(56.0%)高于女性(23.0%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=59.73,P <0.001)。谷类摄入过多220例(36.1%),蔬菜水果摄入不足513例(84.2%),肉类摄入过多246例(40.4%)。男性谷类摄入过多率(42.7%)高于女性(23.0%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=22.76,P<0.001);男性蔬菜水果摄入不足率(85.4%)高于女性(81.9%),差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.30,P=0.254);男性肉类摄入过多率(44.0%)高于女性(33.3%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.35,P=0.012)。运动不足211例(34.6%),其中男性运动不足发生率(31.1%)低于女性(41.7%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.68,P=0.01)。运动最充分的年龄组是60岁以上,最不充分的年龄组是30~40岁。吸烟者171例(28.1%),不吸烟者364例(59.8%),戒烟者74例(12.1%)。男性吸烟率(41.5%)高于女性(1.5%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.80,P<0.001)。不饮酒者296例(占48.6%),适量饮酒者236例(占38.8%),过量饮酒者77例(占12.6%)。男性过量饮酒率(17.0%)高于女性(3.9%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=21.13,P<0.001)。结论该公务员群体存在吸烟(含被动吸烟)、饮酒、运动不足、蔬菜水果摄入不足、谷类摄入过多等多种健康风险因素,且男性的健康风险因素普遍高于女性(运动除外),故应开展健康管理以降低健康风险因素。
目的:評估瀋暘市某區公務員健康風險併討論相應對策。方法2011年採用問捲調查法對瀋暘市609例參加健康體檢的公務員進行問捲調查,內容包括:一般情況、箇人疾病史、傢族疾病史、吸煙、飲酒、膳食、運動、睡眠、心理狀況、居住環境、健康體檢信息。採用北京中新惠爾健康科技有限公司授權的健康風險評估軟件評估健康風險。結果調查對象中男405例,女204例。未來10年缺血性心血管疾病和肺癌、未來5年糖尿病髮病極高風險的例數分彆為258例(42.4%)、170例(27.9%)和40例(6.6%);未來10年缺血性心血管疾病和肺癌、未來5年糖尿病、未來4年高血壓髮病高風險的例數分彆為128例(21.0%)、99例(16.3%)、73例(12.0%)和148例(24.3%)。男性健康生活方式較差髮生率(56.0%)高于女性(23.0%),差異有統計學意義(χ2=59.73,P <0.001)。穀類攝入過多220例(36.1%),蔬菜水果攝入不足513例(84.2%),肉類攝入過多246例(40.4%)。男性穀類攝入過多率(42.7%)高于女性(23.0%),差異有統計學意義(χ2=22.76,P<0.001);男性蔬菜水果攝入不足率(85.4%)高于女性(81.9%),差異無統計學意義(χ2=1.30,P=0.254);男性肉類攝入過多率(44.0%)高于女性(33.3%),差異有統計學意義(χ2=6.35,P=0.012)。運動不足211例(34.6%),其中男性運動不足髮生率(31.1%)低于女性(41.7%),差異有統計學意義(χ2=6.68,P=0.01)。運動最充分的年齡組是60歲以上,最不充分的年齡組是30~40歲。吸煙者171例(28.1%),不吸煙者364例(59.8%),戒煙者74例(12.1%)。男性吸煙率(41.5%)高于女性(1.5%),差異有統計學意義(χ2=10.80,P<0.001)。不飲酒者296例(佔48.6%),適量飲酒者236例(佔38.8%),過量飲酒者77例(佔12.6%)。男性過量飲酒率(17.0%)高于女性(3.9%),差異有統計學意義(χ2=21.13,P<0.001)。結論該公務員群體存在吸煙(含被動吸煙)、飲酒、運動不足、蔬菜水果攝入不足、穀類攝入過多等多種健康風險因素,且男性的健康風險因素普遍高于女性(運動除外),故應開展健康管理以降低健康風險因素。
목적:평고침양시모구공무원건강풍험병토론상응대책。방법2011년채용문권조사법대침양시609례삼가건강체검적공무원진행문권조사,내용포괄:일반정황、개인질병사、가족질병사、흡연、음주、선식、운동、수면、심리상황、거주배경、건강체검신식。채용북경중신혜이건강과기유한공사수권적건강풍험평고연건평고건강풍험。결과조사대상중남405례,녀204례。미래10년결혈성심혈관질병화폐암、미래5년당뇨병발병겁고풍험적례수분별위258례(42.4%)、170례(27.9%)화40례(6.6%);미래10년결혈성심혈관질병화폐암、미래5년당뇨병、미래4년고혈압발병고풍험적례수분별위128례(21.0%)、99례(16.3%)、73례(12.0%)화148례(24.3%)。남성건강생활방식교차발생솔(56.0%)고우녀성(23.0%),차이유통계학의의(χ2=59.73,P <0.001)。곡류섭입과다220례(36.1%),소채수과섭입불족513례(84.2%),육류섭입과다246례(40.4%)。남성곡류섭입과다솔(42.7%)고우녀성(23.0%),차이유통계학의의(χ2=22.76,P<0.001);남성소채수과섭입불족솔(85.4%)고우녀성(81.9%),차이무통계학의의(χ2=1.30,P=0.254);남성육류섭입과다솔(44.0%)고우녀성(33.3%),차이유통계학의의(χ2=6.35,P=0.012)。운동불족211례(34.6%),기중남성운동불족발생솔(31.1%)저우녀성(41.7%),차이유통계학의의(χ2=6.68,P=0.01)。운동최충분적년령조시60세이상,최불충분적년령조시30~40세。흡연자171례(28.1%),불흡연자364례(59.8%),계연자74례(12.1%)。남성흡연솔(41.5%)고우녀성(1.5%),차이유통계학의의(χ2=10.80,P<0.001)。불음주자296례(점48.6%),괄량음주자236례(점38.8%),과량음주자77례(점12.6%)。남성과량음주솔(17.0%)고우녀성(3.9%),차이유통계학의의(χ2=21.13,P<0.001)。결론해공무원군체존재흡연(함피동흡연)、음주、운동불족、소채수과섭입불족、곡류섭입과다등다충건강풍험인소,차남성적건강풍험인소보편고우녀성(운동제외),고응개전건강관리이강저건강풍험인소。
Objective To assess the health risks of civil servants in a certain district of Shenyang and to discuss its corresponding countermeasures. Methods In 2011,questionnaire was investigated on the general state of health,personal his-tories of disease,smoking,alcohol consumption,diet,exercises,sleeping,mental status,living environment,health medi-cal information of 609 civil servants of Shenyang,used a health risk evaluation software to assess their health risks. Results The subjects included 405 males,204 females. The cases with high risks of ischemic cardiovascular disease,lung cancer in the future 10 years and risks of diabetes in the future 5 years were 258(42. 4%),40(6. 6%),170(27. 9%),respectively. The cases with high risks of ischemic cardiovascular disease,lung cancer in the future 10 years,with high risks of diabetes in the future 5 years,with risks of hypertension were 128(21. 0%),99(16. 3%),73(12. 0%),148(24. 3%),respectively. The incidence of poor health lifestyle male(56. 0%)than female(23. 0%),the difference was significant(χ2 =59. 73,P<0. 001);220 cases had excessive intake of cereal(36. 1%),513 had inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables(84. 2%), 246 had too much meat ( 40. 4%);173 males,47 females had luxus cereal ( accounting for 42. 7% of sum total of males, 23. 0% of totality of females,respectively),the difference was significant(χ2 =22. 76,P<0. 001);346 males,167 females had inadequate fruits and vegetables( accounting for 85. 4% of male totality,81. 9% of female totality,respectively),the difference was not significant(χ2 =1. 30,P=0. 254);178 males,68 females had overmuch intake of meat(accounting for 44. 0% of male totality,33. 3% of female totality),the difference was significant(χ2 =6. 35,P=0. 012);211 cases had in-adequate exercises(34. 6%),including 126 males(31. 1%),85 females(41. 7%),the difference was significant(χ2 =6. 68,P=0. 01);those who had the most adequate exercises were over-60-year-old agegroup,those who had the least ex-ercises were group aged 30 -40 years. Totally 171 cases smoked(28. 1%),364 did not smoke(59. 8%),74 had quitted smoking(12. 1%);168 males,3 females smoked( accounting for 41. 5% of male totality,1. 5% of female totality,respec-tively),the difference was significant(χ2 =10. 80,P<0. 001);296 did not drink alcohol(48. 6%),236 drank responsibly (38,8%),77 over-drank(12. 6%);69 males,8 females over-drank(accounting for 17. 0% of male totality,3. 9% of female totality),the difference was significant(χ2 =21. 13,P<0. 001). Conclusion The civil servant group have smoking ( including passive smoking),drinking alcohol,inadequate exercises,poor intake of vegetables and fruits,over-intake of ce-real and other health risk factors. The health risk factors of males are generally higher than those of females( except for sports). Health management should be carried out to reduce health risk factors.