CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解河北省社区老年人慢性病患病影响因素及其就医用药行为，为社区老年人慢性病的干预和管理提供依据。方法2012年7月-2013年5月，采用自行设计的一般人口学量表和慢性病发病影响因素相关调查量表，利用多阶段分层整群抽样法选取河北省唐山市、石家庄市、张家口市60岁及以上6173例居家老年人进行问卷调查。结果社区老年人慢性病患者4634例（占75.1%），患病率前五位的是高血压、心脏病、风湿性关节炎、糖尿病、骨质疏松，高血压、心脏病、糖尿病3种慢性病城市患病率高于农村，其他慢性病患病率均为农村高于城市（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，性别、年龄、日常生活能力量表评分、吸烟、匹兹堡睡眠指数量表评分、收入是否满足需要、主要经济支出是否为药费、医保类型、有无养老保险、社会支持水平、子女人数、家人是否督促就医、生活负性事件为老年人慢性病发病的影响因素（ P<0.05）。结论河北省社区老年人慢性病发病率较高，影响因素复杂，应加强社区老年人慢性病的预防与控制，提高社区卫生服务利用度。
목적：료해하북성사구노년인만성병환병영향인소급기취의용약행위，위사구노년인만성병적간예화관리제공의거。방법2012년7월-2013년5월，채용자행설계적일반인구학량표화만성병발병영향인소상관조사량표，이용다계단분층정군추양법선취하북성당산시、석가장시、장가구시60세급이상6173례거가노년인진행문권조사。결과사구노년인만성병환자4634례（점75.1%），환병솔전오위적시고혈압、심장병、풍습성관절염、당뇨병、골질소송，고혈압、심장병、당뇨병3충만성병성시환병솔고우농촌，기타만성병환병솔균위농촌고우성시（P<0.05）。다인소Logistic회귀분석현시，성별、년령、일상생활능역량표평분、흡연、필자보수면지수량표평분、수입시부만족수요、주요경제지출시부위약비、의보류형、유무양로보험、사회지지수평、자녀인수、가인시부독촉취의、생활부성사건위노년인만성병발병적영향인소（ P<0.05）。결론하북성사구노년인만성병발병솔교고，영향인소복잡，응가강사구노년인만성병적예방여공제，제고사구위생복무이용도。
Objective To know the factors influencing chronic diseases in community elderly and their behaviors of visiting doctors and drug uses,to provide a basis for intervention and management of chronic diseases in community elderly. Methods From July 2012 to May 2013,self-made demographic rating scale and chronic disease influencing factors investiga-tion scale were used to perform a questionnaire,by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method,in 6 173 elderly aged over 60 years in Tangshan,Shijiazhuang,Zhangjiakou. Results There were 4 634 elderly having chronic diseases(75. 1%),the top 5 diseases were:hypertension,heart disease,rheumatoid arthritis,diabetes,osteoporosis. The incidences of hypertension, heart disease,diabetes were higher in cities than in the countryside,the other chronic diseases lower(P<0. 05). By Logistic regression analysis,gender, age, scores of activity of daily living scale, smoking, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores, whether income meeting the needs,whether the major economic costs being charges for medicine,health insurance type,with pension insurance or not,social support,number of children,whether the family urging medical treatment,negative life events were correlated with chronic diseases in elderly(P<0. 05). Conclusion The incidence of chronic diseases is high in commu-nity elderly and its influencing factors are complex. The elderly chronic disease prevention and control should be strengthened to improve the utilization of community health services.