CAJ | 학술논문

现代汉语常用祈使句“A+V+（一）点儿！”（V代表单音节动词，A代表单音节形容词）表示说话者的态度和意愿，句式中的A常为表示数量范畴的形容词“多”和“少”；而其他语义范畴的形容词只能构成“V+A+（一）点儿！”的句式，出现了一种不平衡的语言现象。而且后一种格式都可以转换为前一种格式，前一种格式一般不能转换为后一种格式。从认知语言学和汉语语法化的角度去探究其动因和机制，可以发现祈使句对语境的依赖性使得表达了数量范畴的“多”“少”使用的频率高，范围广，在人们的头脑中有深刻的认知基础，祈使句与数量范畴建立关联后是无标记项，同时“A+V+（一）点儿！”的语序结构也是保留了古代汉语中形容词用于动词前直接作状语的用法。
현대한어상용기사구“A+V+（일）점인！”（V대표단음절동사，A대표단음절형용사）표시설화자적태도화의원，구식중적A상위표시수량범주적형용사“다”화“소”；이기타어의범주적형용사지능구성“V+A+（일）점인！”적구식，출현료일충불평형적어언현상。이차후일충격식도가이전환위전일충격식，전일충격식일반불능전환위후일충격식。종인지어언학화한어어법화적각도거탐구기동인화궤제，가이발현기사구대어경적의뢰성사득표체료수량범주적“다”“소”사용적빈솔고，범위엄，재인문적두뇌중유심각적인지기출，기사구여수량범주건립관련후시무표기항，동시“A+V+（일）점인！”적어서결구야시보류료고대한어중형용사용우동사전직접작상어적용법。
Modern chinese common imperatives"A+V+(yi) dianr!"(V representative of monosyllabic verb, A representative of monosyllabic adjective) indicates the speaker's attitude and willingness. In this sentence, A constantly is a semantic category of number of the adjective“duo”or“shao”. Other semantic category, however, can only construct as“V+A+(yi) dianr!”, which appears to be an unbalanced linguistic phenomenon. And the former format can be transformed to the later format, while the later usually cannot be transformed to the former. We explored the motivation and mechanisms of this construction from the grammarize of Chinese and the cognitive linguistics perspective. A result can be found that the sematic category of number which express“more”or“less”have a highly frequency of use in the imperative sentence which is context-dependent. Therefore,“A+V+(yi)dianr”is an unmarked construction which reserved the ancient Chinese construction as the adjective use before the verb.