爆破
爆破
폭파
BLASTING
2014年
3期
32-41
,共10页
高瓦斯低透气性煤层%煤体增透%气爆技术%高压气体%应力波
高瓦斯低透氣性煤層%煤體增透%氣爆技術%高壓氣體%應力波
고와사저투기성매층%매체증투%기폭기술%고압기체%응력파
highly gassy and low permeable coal seam%coal permeability enhancement%gas shock technique%high pressure gas%stress wave
提高煤层的透气性是高瓦斯低透气性矿井瓦斯灾害防治的根本措施。采用文献综述的方法，对我国高瓦斯低透气性本煤层采用的大孔径钻孔、密集交叉钻孔、水力冲孔、水力割缝、水力压裂、深孔爆破等主要技术的增透效果进行评述，指出了各增透方法的优劣及适用性。在充分借鉴深孔爆破和水力压裂增透技术的优点之上，提出了采用高压气体爆破致裂进行高瓦斯低透气性本煤层增透防突的新技术，即气爆增透技术；基于理论分析，揭示了气爆增透新技术的冲击震裂和尖劈压裂增透机理，指出了支撑气爆增透技术工程实践应开展的基础研究工作。
提高煤層的透氣性是高瓦斯低透氣性礦井瓦斯災害防治的根本措施。採用文獻綜述的方法，對我國高瓦斯低透氣性本煤層採用的大孔徑鑽孔、密集交扠鑽孔、水力遲孔、水力割縫、水力壓裂、深孔爆破等主要技術的增透效果進行評述，指齣瞭各增透方法的優劣及適用性。在充分藉鑒深孔爆破和水力壓裂增透技術的優點之上，提齣瞭採用高壓氣體爆破緻裂進行高瓦斯低透氣性本煤層增透防突的新技術，即氣爆增透技術；基于理論分析，揭示瞭氣爆增透新技術的遲擊震裂和尖劈壓裂增透機理，指齣瞭支撐氣爆增透技術工程實踐應開展的基礎研究工作。
제고매층적투기성시고와사저투기성광정와사재해방치적근본조시。채용문헌종술적방법，대아국고와사저투기성본매층채용적대공경찬공、밀집교차찬공、수력충공、수력할봉、수력압렬、심공폭파등주요기술적증투효과진행평술，지출료각증투방법적우렬급괄용성。재충분차감심공폭파화수력압렬증투기술적우점지상，제출료채용고압기체폭파치렬진행고와사저투기성본매층증투방돌적신기술，즉기폭증투기술；기우이론분석，게시료기폭증투신기술적충격진렬화첨벽압렬증투궤리，지출료지탱기폭증투기술공정실천응개전적기출연구공작。
Enhancing the coal permeability was an essential approach to prevent gas disaster in highly gassy and low permeable coal mine. Main technologies in China for coal seam permeability enhancement were reviewed,such as large radius borehole,crossed borehole,hydraulic flushing,hydraulic cutting,hydraulic fracturing and long-hole blas-ting. The advantages,disadvantages and applicability of these technologies were put forward by comparison with each other . A new technology for coal seam permeability enhancement by high pressure gas shock was presented on the ba-sis of the advantages of hydraulic fracturing and long-hole blasting technologies. The fracturing mechanism of coal in-duced by high pressure shock technology was studied by theoretical analysis and fundamental researches,which has-tened the new technique application in future.
