科技促进发展
科技促進髮展
과기촉진발전
SCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY FOR DEVELOPMENT
2014年
4期
101-109
,共9页
沿海%核电%选址%安全%风暴潮%地震%海啸
沿海%覈電%選阯%安全%風暴潮%地震%海嘯
연해%핵전%선지%안전%풍폭조%지진%해소
coast%nuclear power%location%security%storm surge%earthquake%tsunami
改革开放以来，我国经济社会发展迅速，能源需求日益增加，尤其是东部沿海人口和产业不断积聚，能源不足问题的严重性远远超过中西部，这总体上决定了我国已建和在建核电厂全部位于海岸带区域的基本特征。但是，东部沿海遭受地震、海啸、台风、风暴潮等灾害的威胁十分突出，2011年3月，日本东北部海域9.0级地震引发巨大海啸，并导致福岛核电站的核泄漏，这一重大事件在全球范围引发了对核电安全及其未来发展的深入思考和争论。因此，本文从全球核电发展与核安全形势出发，分析我国沿海核电发展的态势、环境条件以及致灾因素特征，进而，重点围绕核电选址安全评价与风险预测问题，有针对性地提出增进沿海核电安全的政策建议与重大科研任务建议。
改革開放以來，我國經濟社會髮展迅速，能源需求日益增加，尤其是東部沿海人口和產業不斷積聚，能源不足問題的嚴重性遠遠超過中西部，這總體上決定瞭我國已建和在建覈電廠全部位于海岸帶區域的基本特徵。但是，東部沿海遭受地震、海嘯、檯風、風暴潮等災害的威脅十分突齣，2011年3月，日本東北部海域9.0級地震引髮巨大海嘯，併導緻福島覈電站的覈洩漏，這一重大事件在全毬範圍引髮瞭對覈電安全及其未來髮展的深入思攷和爭論。因此，本文從全毬覈電髮展與覈安全形勢齣髮，分析我國沿海覈電髮展的態勢、環境條件以及緻災因素特徵，進而，重點圍繞覈電選阯安全評價與風險預測問題，有針對性地提齣增進沿海覈電安全的政策建議與重大科研任務建議。
개혁개방이래，아국경제사회발전신속，능원수구일익증가，우기시동부연해인구화산업불단적취，능원불족문제적엄중성원원초과중서부，저총체상결정료아국이건화재건핵전엄전부위우해안대구역적기본특정。단시，동부연해조수지진、해소、태풍、풍폭조등재해적위협십분돌출，2011년3월，일본동북부해역9.0급지진인발거대해소，병도치복도핵전참적핵설루，저일중대사건재전구범위인발료대핵전안전급기미래발전적심입사고화쟁론。인차，본문종전구핵전발전여핵안전형세출발，분석아국연해핵전발전적태세、배경조건이급치재인소특정，진이，중점위요핵전선지안전평개여풍험예측문제，유침대성지제출증진연해핵전안전적정책건의여중대과연임무건의。
China’s energy demand has increased dramatically as the rapid social and economic development since the beginning of the Reform and opening-up policy. The problem of energy shortages in China’s eastern coastal area is more serious than that in the central and western China because more population and industries have been concentrated in the eastern coastal area. As a result, almost all the nuclear power plants have been built or under construction are locating in China’s coastal zone. However, the coastal zone has been suffered and will go on suffering more natural hazards than the central and western China, such as earthquake, tsunami, hurricane, storm surge, sea ice. A magnitude 9.0 earthquake took place near Japan’s northeast coast and triggered a large tsunami on March 2011, which led to the Fukushima nuclear leak. This major hazard brought about the intense discussion and controversy on nuclear security and future development of nuclear power plants globally. This paper reviewed the development of nuclear power and nuclear security at home and abroad, and analyzed the development tendency, conditions and disaster sources of nuclear power plants in China’s coastal zone;ifnally, some suggestions with respect to management strategy and academic studies were put forward in order to improve the security of nuclear power plants in China’s coastal zone.
