铁道标准设计
鐵道標準設計
철도표준설계
RAILWAY STANDARD DESIGN
2014年
5期
99-103,104
,共6页
铁路隧道%钻爆法%设计方法%比较研究%极限状态法%Q系统
鐵路隧道%鑽爆法%設計方法%比較研究%極限狀態法%Q繫統
철로수도%찬폭법%설계방법%비교연구%겁한상태법%Q계통
railway tunnel%drilling and blasting method%design approach%comparative analysis%limit state method%Q system
针对钻爆法铁路隧道围岩分级、初期支护及二次衬砌设计方法等内容，对比分析了中英两国在隧道设计方法和理念方面的差异。对比分析表明，英国隧道设计基于巴顿的Q系统，该系统用表征岩体的RQD值，节理组数、粗糙度系数、地下水折减系数、蚀变系数及地应力折减系数来反映围岩整体力学性质，英国铁路隧道初期支护采用经验设计法，根据Q图谱进行预设计，采用有限元程序进行检算。二次衬砌采用极限状态理论进行设计，衬砌承受围岩压力的标准值由巴顿公式计算得出，二次衬砌设计时不考虑初期支护的作用。中国铁路隧道初期支护多采用类比法进行设计，并采用有限元法进行校核，二次衬砌普遍按破损阶段法设计，围岩压力根据统计回归公式计算，采用安全系数K控制结构安全性。相比而言，英国隧道设计方法和理念与围岩参数联系较为紧密和直观，而中国隧道设计方法基于定性与定量结合的围岩分级标准，两者差异明显。
針對鑽爆法鐵路隧道圍巖分級、初期支護及二次襯砌設計方法等內容，對比分析瞭中英兩國在隧道設計方法和理唸方麵的差異。對比分析錶明，英國隧道設計基于巴頓的Q繫統，該繫統用錶徵巖體的RQD值，節理組數、粗糙度繫數、地下水摺減繫數、蝕變繫數及地應力摺減繫數來反映圍巖整體力學性質，英國鐵路隧道初期支護採用經驗設計法，根據Q圖譜進行預設計，採用有限元程序進行檢算。二次襯砌採用極限狀態理論進行設計，襯砌承受圍巖壓力的標準值由巴頓公式計算得齣，二次襯砌設計時不攷慮初期支護的作用。中國鐵路隧道初期支護多採用類比法進行設計，併採用有限元法進行校覈，二次襯砌普遍按破損階段法設計，圍巖壓力根據統計迴歸公式計算，採用安全繫數K控製結構安全性。相比而言，英國隧道設計方法和理唸與圍巖參數聯繫較為緊密和直觀，而中國隧道設計方法基于定性與定量結閤的圍巖分級標準，兩者差異明顯。
침대찬폭법철로수도위암분급、초기지호급이차츤체설계방법등내용，대비분석료중영량국재수도설계방법화이념방면적차이。대비분석표명，영국수도설계기우파돈적Q계통，해계통용표정암체적RQD치，절리조수、조조도계수、지하수절감계수、식변계수급지응력절감계수래반영위암정체역학성질，영국철로수도초기지호채용경험설계법，근거Q도보진행예설계，채용유한원정서진행검산。이차츤체채용겁한상태이론진행설계，츤체승수위암압력적표준치유파돈공식계산득출，이차츤체설계시불고필초기지호적작용。중국철로수도초기지호다채용류비법진행설계，병채용유한원법진행교핵，이차츤체보편안파손계단법설계，위암압력근거통계회귀공식계산，채용안전계수K공제결구안전성。상비이언，영국수도설계방법화이념여위암삼수련계교위긴밀화직관，이중국수도설계방법기우정성여정량결합적위암분급표준，량자차이명현。
Focusing on relevant contents of design approach of railway tunnel with drilling and blasting method, such as surrounding rock classification, primary support and secondary lining and so on, this research compared and analyzed the difference between China and Britain on tunnel design approach and design idea. The result of comparative analysis indicates:( a) The tunnel design in Britain is based on the Q system of Barton, which characterizes the overall mechanical property of surrounding rocks by using rock mass's RQD value, joint sets, roughness coefficient, underground-water reduction coefficient, alteration coefficient and ground-stress reduction coefficient. In Britain, the primary supports of railway tunnels are designed by empirical method:the Q pattern is employed for preliminary design, followed by finite element program to do check calculation. Also in Britain, the secondary linings are designed by limit state design theory, and the standard value of surrounding rock pressures acting on linings are calculated from the Barton formula, without considering the effect of primary support. ( b) In China, most of the primary supports of railway tunnels are designed using analogy method, followed by finite element program to do check calculation. The secondary linings are designed according to plastic stage method; rock pressures are calculated according to the statistic regression formula, and the comprehensive safety factor K is adopted to control the structural safety. ( c) By comparison, the British tunnel design approach and design idea are more closely linked with the surrounding rock parameters and easy to understand, while the Chinese tunnel design approach is based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative rock classification standard;and the difference between the two is obvious.
