CAJ | 학술논문

于2011年冬季使用SASS采样器在清华大学采集PM2.5样品,并对其中重金属和水溶性重金属(As?Cd?Cr?Cu?Mn?Pb和Zn等)以及无机离子进行了分析.结果表明,采样期间水溶性重金属浓度较高,As?Cd?Cr?Cu?Mn?Pb 和 Zn 平均浓度依次为8.42,3.18,1.99,7.84,30.82,49.27,412.81ng/m3.Cd和水溶性As平均浓度超过《环境空气质量标准》中建议浓度限值.水溶性重金属在重污染期间易出现富集,灰霾和采暖期间As?Cd?Cr?Cu?Mn?Pb和Zn平均浓度都有增加趋势.水溶性重金属的逐日变化趋势与重金属和PM2.5有较好的一致性.水溶性重金属在重金属中比重：50%≤Zn和As；20%<V?Mn?Se?Sr?Cd?Sb≤50%；其他元素≤20%.Zn水溶性比例高达66.8%,鉴于其浓度高?毒性强,应成为重点研究对象.受不同污染状况的影响时,Cd?Mn和Pb的水溶性稳定,As?Cr?Cu和Zn的水溶性较稳定.采样期间北京市PM2.5中Cd?Cr?Cu?Mn?Pb和Zn的水溶性随中和比率(NR)的变大而增强,As水溶性随NR变大而减弱.
우2011년동계사용SASS채양기재청화대학채집PM2.5양품,병대기중중금속화수용성중금속(As?Cd?Cr?Cu?Mn?Pb화Zn등)이급무궤리자진행료분석.결과표명,채양기간수용성중금속농도교고,As?Cd?Cr?Cu?Mn?Pb 화 Zn 평균농도의차위8.42,3.18,1.99,7.84,30.82,49.27,412.81ng/m3.Cd화수용성As평균농도초과《배경공기질량표준》중건의농도한치.수용성중금속재중오염기간역출현부집,회매화채난기간As?Cd?Cr?Cu?Mn?Pb화Zn평균농도도유증가추세.수용성중금속적축일변화추세여중금속화PM2.5유교호적일치성.수용성중금속재중금속중비중：50%≤Zn화As；20%<V?Mn?Se?Sr?Cd?Sb≤50%；기타원소≤20%.Zn수용성비례고체66.8%,감우기농도고?독성강,응성위중점연구대상.수불동오염상황적영향시,Cd?Mn화Pb적수용성은정,As?Cr?Cu화Zn적수용성교은정.채양기간북경시PM2.5중Cd?Cr?Cu?Mn?Pb화Zn적수용성수중화비솔(NR)적변대이증강,As수용성수NR변대이감약.
PM2.5 samples were collected at Tsinghua University by SASS sampler in winter 2011. Heavy metals and water-soluble heavy metals of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn, as well as water inorganic soluble ions were analyzed. The results indicated that the concentrations of water-soluble heavy metals were at high levels during the sampling period. The average concentrations of water-soluble heavy metals of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn were 8.42, 3.18, 1.99, 7.84, 30.82, 49.27 and 412.81ng/m3, respectively. The average concentrations of Cd and water-soluble As exceeded the National Proposed Standard of Ambient Air Quality Standard, more attention should be paid to these two elements. Water-soluble heavy metals were enhanced during heavily polluted episodes. Compared with non-haze and non-heating period, water-soluble As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn increased during haze days and heating period. The variations of water-soluble heavy metals tracked well with those of total heavy metals and PM2.5. The fractions of water-soluble heavy metals in total heavy metals were≥50%for Zn and As;<20%and≤50%for V, Mn, Se, Sr, Cd, Sb;and≤20%for the rest elements. The water-soluble Zn contributing up to 66.8% of the total Zn was of particular concern due to its high concentration level and toxicity. The water-solubility of Cd, Mn and Pb was stable during different pollution conditions,whereas it was less stable for As, Cr, Cu and Zn. During the study period, the water-solubility of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn increased as a function of neutralization ratio (NR), whereas, As showed an opposite trend.