干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE ARID AREAS
2013年
6期
28-33
,共6页
张占琴%魏建军%杨相昆%桑志勤
張佔琴%魏建軍%楊相昆%桑誌勤
장점금%위건군%양상곤%상지근
冬小麦-青贮玉米%一年两作%物质与能量生产率%资源利用效率%北疆地区
鼕小麥-青貯玉米%一年兩作%物質與能量生產率%資源利用效率%北疆地區
동소맥-청저옥미%일년량작%물질여능량생산솔%자원이용효솔%북강지구
winter wheat-forage maize system%double-cropping%dry matter and energy production efficiency%re-source use efficiency%Northern Xinjiang
为建立与农区畜牧业发展相适应的资源高效利用的新型饲料生产体系，满足市场对青贮玉米需求，2011-2012年在新疆天山以北地区对冬小麦-复播青贮玉米、单季冬小麦、单季青贮玉米不同模式的物质积累和生育过程的光、温资源的实际利用效率进行系统测定分析。结果表明，冬小麦-复播青贮玉米双季模式优于传统单季种植冬小麦模式，其全年干物质生产率提高84．8％、周年干物质产能提高87．8％，年总辐射利用效率提高87％，年总有效积温利用率103％。复播青贮玉米干物质生产效比春播率低7．1％，太阳总辐射生产率和温度生产效率复播比春播分别高0．12 g·MJ-1和0．7 kg·hm-2·℃-1。因此冬小麦-复播青贮玉米具有高产高效特点，为一熟农区畜牧发展提了一条新型饲料生产种植模式。
為建立與農區畜牧業髮展相適應的資源高效利用的新型飼料生產體繫，滿足市場對青貯玉米需求，2011-2012年在新疆天山以北地區對鼕小麥-複播青貯玉米、單季鼕小麥、單季青貯玉米不同模式的物質積纍和生育過程的光、溫資源的實際利用效率進行繫統測定分析。結果錶明，鼕小麥-複播青貯玉米雙季模式優于傳統單季種植鼕小麥模式，其全年榦物質生產率提高84．8％、週年榦物質產能提高87．8％，年總輻射利用效率提高87％，年總有效積溫利用率103％。複播青貯玉米榦物質生產效比春播率低7．1％，太暘總輻射生產率和溫度生產效率複播比春播分彆高0．12 g·MJ-1和0．7 kg·hm-2·℃-1。因此鼕小麥-複播青貯玉米具有高產高效特點，為一熟農區畜牧髮展提瞭一條新型飼料生產種植模式。
위건립여농구축목업발전상괄응적자원고효이용적신형사료생산체계，만족시장대청저옥미수구，2011-2012년재신강천산이북지구대동소맥-복파청저옥미、단계동소맥、단계청저옥미불동모식적물질적루화생육과정적광、온자원적실제이용효솔진행계통측정분석。결과표명，동소맥-복파청저옥미쌍계모식우우전통단계충식동소맥모식，기전년간물질생산솔제고84．8％、주년간물질산능제고87．8％，년총복사이용효솔제고87％，년총유효적온이용솔103％。복파청저옥미간물질생산효비춘파솔저7．1％，태양총복사생산솔화온도생산효솔복파비춘파분별고0．12 g·MJ-1화0．7 kg·hm-2·℃-1。인차동소맥-복파청저옥미구유고산고효특점，위일숙농구축목발전제료일조신형사료생산충식모식。
In order to meet the market requirement for forage maize and develop new cropping system with high dry matter production and resources use efficiency,the field experiments were conducted in the temperature limited regions of North Xinjiang in 201 1 and 2012 .The ecologic conditionss including radiation and temperature were recorded and dry matter production was determined .In addition,dry matter production and resources use efficiency were compared be-tween winter wheat-forage maize system and conventional winter wheat systems .The results showed that annual production efficiency of dry matter,energy production,radiation production efficiency,and temperature production efficiency in double-cropping wheat-maize system were 84 .8%,87 .8%,87 .0% and 103% compared with conventional winter wheat system,respectively .Annual production efficiency of dry matter of sequential cropping forage maize was 7 .1%lower than spring forage maize,and the light use efficiency and temperature efficiency were 0 .12 g·MJ-1 and 0 .7 kg·hm-2·℃-1 higher than spring forage maize,respectively .Therefore,the double cropping system can increase natu-ral resources use efficiency and have favourable effect on the utilization of light and temperature during the growing sea-son .The proposed system offers a new approach both for increasing crop diversity and crop production in northern Xingjiang .
