CAJ | 학술논문

通常认为垫草对猪的福利具有广泛的有利影响。垫草既能改善地面触感，又有利于猪自主调控小环境温度，并减少某些肢蹄损伤。但稻草也会增加某些疾病发生的概率，特别是呼吸系统疾病。垫草作为廉价的环境丰富物能够满足猪探求行为的需求，并可作为筑巢材料满足围产期母猪的行为需求，减少不良行为发生。由于其可食人性，垫草还能在一定程度上降低限饲母猪的采食动机，减少口吻部规癖行为发生。垫草对神经内分泌及免疫机能的影响尚不能确定，但以往资料显示其长期使用能减少应激。同时，垫草的使用还可能提高猪的生产性能和某些肉质性状。因此，尽管垫草增加生产成本和特定疾病的风险，并带来管理上的不便，其仍是最可行的提高猪福利的途径之一。
통상인위점초대저적복리구유엄범적유리영향。점초기능개선지면촉감，우유리우저자주조공소배경온도，병감소모사지제손상。단도초야회증가모사질병발생적개솔，특별시호흡계통질병。점초작위렴개적배경봉부물능구만족저탐구행위적수구，병가작위축소재료만족위산기모저적행위수구，감소불량행위발생。유우기가식인성，점초환능재일정정도상강저한사모저적채식동궤，감소구문부규벽행위발생。점초대신경내분비급면역궤능적영향상불능학정，단이왕자료현시기장기사용능감소응격。동시，점초적사용환가능제고저적생산성능화모사육질성상。인차，진관점초증가생산성본화특정질병적풍험，병대래관리상적불편，기잉시최가행적제고저복리적도경지일。
Straw was considered to have many beneficial effects for the welfare of pigs. Strew bedding improved the physical comfort of the floor, and enabled pigs to control microclimate itself. Straw reduced injuries of leg and foot, but increased certain diseases, especially respiratory diseases. As a cheap enrichment, straw could meet behavioural needs such as exploring and foraging, and nesting material had a beneficial effect on maternal behaviour of preparturient sows as, thus reduced harmful behaviours. Straw could also reduce the feed restricted pig's motivation for eating, and hence reduced oral stereotyped behaviours. Effect of straw on stress hormones and immune function could not be determined, but literatures showed that long-term used straw could reduce stress. In addition, the use of straw bedding may improve pig performance and meat quality. In conclusion, although increasing cost and the risk of specific diseases, and brought the management problems, straw remained the most viable way to improve the welfare of pigs.