CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解农村地区0~6岁儿童健康管理服务利用现状以及儿童两周患病情况、意外伤害、口腔保健、饮食行为等相关健康问题状况。方法2013年1-6月在四川省郫县农村地区开展居民健康状况与卫生需求现状调查。共调查了2159户居民（调查居民总数为6700人），其中0~6岁儿童541人（0~3岁儿童292人，4~6岁儿童249人）。通过入户面对面方式，采用问卷调查541位儿童家长。结果分别有93.49%（273/292）和87.55%（218/249）的0~3岁和4~6岁儿童得到健康管理服务，但有19.86%（58/292）和27.40%（80/292）的0~3岁儿童家长反映机构从来没有主动提醒其进行预防接种和健康体检，在4~6岁则分别为13.25%（33/249）和29.32%（73/249）。儿童两周患病率为16.82%（91/541），其中急性呼吸道感染疾病65人（71.43%），腹泻11人（12.09%）。儿童过去1年意外伤害率为17.38%（94/541），其中意外摔伤55人（58.51%），烧烫伤13人（13.83%）。有59.93%（175/292）的0~3岁儿童家长没有口腔保健知识与保健行为，有23.29%（58/249）的4~6岁儿童没开始刷牙。分别有51.03%（149/292）和79.92%（199/249）的0~3岁和4~6岁儿童存在不良饮食行为。结论目前农村地区儿童健康管理率较高，但机构主动服务意识不够；急性呼吸道感染和腹泻是儿童两周患病最多的疾病；摔伤和烧烫伤是最常见的儿童意外伤害；儿童家长口腔保健意识不强；儿童不良饮食行为发生率较高。
목적：료해농촌지구0~6세인동건강관리복무이용현상이급인동량주환병정황、의외상해、구강보건、음식행위등상관건강문제상황。방법2013년1-6월재사천성비현농촌지구개전거민건강상황여위생수구현상조사。공조사료2159호거민（조사거민총수위6700인），기중0~6세인동541인（0~3세인동292인，4~6세인동249인）。통과입호면대면방식，채용문권조사541위인동가장。결과분별유93.49%（273/292）화87.55%（218/249）적0~3세화4~6세인동득도건강관리복무，단유19.86%（58/292）화27.40%（80/292）적0~3세인동가장반영궤구종래몰유주동제성기진행예방접충화건강체검，재4~6세칙분별위13.25%（33/249）화29.32%（73/249）。인동량주환병솔위16.82%（91/541），기중급성호흡도감염질병65인（71.43%），복사11인（12.09%）。인동과거1년의외상해솔위17.38%（94/541），기중의외솔상55인（58.51%），소탕상13인（13.83%）。유59.93%（175/292）적0~3세인동가장몰유구강보건지식여보건행위，유23.29%（58/249）적4~6세인동몰개시쇄아。분별유51.03%（149/292）화79.92%（199/249）적0~3세화4~6세인동존재불량음식행위。결론목전농촌지구인동건강관리솔교고，단궤구주동복무의식불구；급성호흡도감염화복사시인동량주환병최다적질병；솔상화소탕상시최상견적인동의외상해；인동가장구강보건의식불강；인동불량음식행위발생솔교고。
Objective To explore the current utilization situation of health management service for rural children aged 0 to 6,and their related health problems such as two-week health situation,unintentional injury,oral health and dietary be-havior. Methods From January to June in 2013,survey on health status and health care demands for rural residents was carried out in Pi county,Sichuan province. 2 159 households(6 700 residents)were surveyed,including 541 children aged 0-6(292 children aged 0-3,and 249 aged 4-6). Through the face-to-face household survey,541 parents of children were investi-gated by using questionnaire. Results 93. 49%(273/292)of children aged 0-3 and 87. 55%(218/249)of children aged 4-6 obtained health management service respectively,but 19. 86%(58/292) of parents of children aged 0 -3 and 13. 25%(33/249) of parents of children aged 4 -6 reported that they never received vaccination remind from health in stitutions, 27. 40%(80/292)of parents of children aged 0 -3 and 29. 32%(73/249)of parents of children aged 4 -6 never received health check-up remind from health institutions;the two-week morbidity rate of children was 16. 82%( 91/541 ),71. 43%(65 cases)of patients with acute respiratory infections,and 12. 09%(11 cases)of patients with diarrhea;the unintentional in-jury rate of children in the past one year was 17. 38%(94/541),58. 51%(55 cases)of patients with fallen-hurts,13. 83%(13 cases)of patients with burn and scald injury;59. 93%(175/292)of parents of children aged 0-3 were void of oral health care knowledge and behavior,and 23. 29%(58/247)of children aged 4-6 never brushed their teeth. 51. 03%(149/292)of children aged 0-3 and 79. 92%(199/249)of children aged 4-6 had bad dietary behavior. Conclusion At present,the chil-dren health management rate in rural area is relatively high, but health institutions' active service consciousness is not e-nough. Acute respiratory infections and diarrhea are the most common diseases for children in the past two weeks. Fallen-hurts and burn injury are the most common accidental injuries. The oral health care consciousness of parents of children is not strong. The incidence of bad dietary behaviors of children is relatively high.