农业工程学报
農業工程學報
농업공정학보
2014年
6期
165-171
,共7页
杀菌%大肠菌群%微生物%紫外线%沼液%粪大肠菌群%细菌总数
殺菌%大腸菌群%微生物%紫外線%沼液%糞大腸菌群%細菌總數
살균%대장균군%미생물%자외선%소액%분대장균군%세균총수
disinfection%coliform bacteria%microorganisms%ultraviolet%digestate%fecal coliform%total bacteria count
猪场沼液中含有大量的微生物，为确保其排放或循环利用的卫生和环境安全，应对其进行有效的杀菌处理，目前国内沼液杀菌相关的研究缺乏。由于猪场沼液原液的色度和浊度很高，紫外线透过率很低，采用紫外线杀菌前需要对其进行预处理。该研究采用絮凝方法处理猪场沼液，对所获取的不同透射率沼液絮凝上清液进行杀菌试验，试验以细菌总数、大肠菌群和粪大肠菌群的数量变化及其杀菌率为指标，在4种沼液絮凝上清液透射率（0.01%、0.69%、3.78%和8.54%）、3种紫外线杀菌装置内水深（1、2和3 cm）和5种水力停留时间（1、5、10、15、20和30 min）试验条件下，探讨紫外线对沼液絮凝上清液杀菌的可行性及其运行效果。结果表明，絮凝上清液透射率（T254）、紫外线杀菌装置内水深和水力停留时间等因素对紫外线的杀菌效果均有极显著影响（P＜0.01），3种因素之间均有极显著的交互作用（P＜0.01）。试验紫外线灯管强度为395μW/cm2，当沼液絮凝上清液的透射率为0.69%、水力停留时间15 min和紫外线杀菌装置内水深2 cm时，紫外线对细菌总数、大肠菌群和粪大肠菌群的杀菌率分别为(99.99±1.20)%、(99.99±1.43)%和(100.00±0.01)%，使沼液絮凝上清液中粪大肠菌群的数量从3.9×106个/L下降至检出限（3个/L）以下，紫外线杀菌处理出水达到现行国家标准的无害化卫生要求，该研究可能为沼液的紫外线杀菌技术的深入研究和沼液安全循环利用提供参考。
豬場沼液中含有大量的微生物，為確保其排放或循環利用的衛生和環境安全，應對其進行有效的殺菌處理，目前國內沼液殺菌相關的研究缺乏。由于豬場沼液原液的色度和濁度很高，紫外線透過率很低，採用紫外線殺菌前需要對其進行預處理。該研究採用絮凝方法處理豬場沼液，對所穫取的不同透射率沼液絮凝上清液進行殺菌試驗，試驗以細菌總數、大腸菌群和糞大腸菌群的數量變化及其殺菌率為指標，在4種沼液絮凝上清液透射率（0.01%、0.69%、3.78%和8.54%）、3種紫外線殺菌裝置內水深（1、2和3 cm）和5種水力停留時間（1、5、10、15、20和30 min）試驗條件下，探討紫外線對沼液絮凝上清液殺菌的可行性及其運行效果。結果錶明，絮凝上清液透射率（T254）、紫外線殺菌裝置內水深和水力停留時間等因素對紫外線的殺菌效果均有極顯著影響（P＜0.01），3種因素之間均有極顯著的交互作用（P＜0.01）。試驗紫外線燈管彊度為395μW/cm2，噹沼液絮凝上清液的透射率為0.69%、水力停留時間15 min和紫外線殺菌裝置內水深2 cm時，紫外線對細菌總數、大腸菌群和糞大腸菌群的殺菌率分彆為(99.99±1.20)%、(99.99±1.43)%和(100.00±0.01)%，使沼液絮凝上清液中糞大腸菌群的數量從3.9×106箇/L下降至檢齣限（3箇/L）以下，紫外線殺菌處理齣水達到現行國傢標準的無害化衛生要求，該研究可能為沼液的紫外線殺菌技術的深入研究和沼液安全循環利用提供參攷。
저장소액중함유대량적미생물，위학보기배방혹순배이용적위생화배경안전，응대기진행유효적살균처리，목전국내소액살균상관적연구결핍。유우저장소액원액적색도화탁도흔고，자외선투과솔흔저，채용자외선살균전수요대기진행예처리。해연구채용서응방법처리저장소액，대소획취적불동투사솔소액서응상청액진행살균시험，시험이세균총수、대장균군화분대장균군적수량변화급기살균솔위지표，재4충소액서응상청액투사솔（0.01%、0.69%、3.78%화8.54%）、3충자외선살균장치내수심（1、2화3 cm）화5충수력정류시간（1、5、10、15、20화30 min）시험조건하，탐토자외선대소액서응상청액살균적가행성급기운행효과。결과표명，서응상청액투사솔（T254）、자외선살균장치내수심화수력정류시간등인소대자외선적살균효과균유겁현저영향（P＜0.01），3충인소지간균유겁현저적교호작용（P＜0.01）。시험자외선등관강도위395μW/cm2，당소액서응상청액적투사솔위0.69%、수력정류시간15 min화자외선살균장치내수심2 cm시，자외선대세균총수、대장균군화분대장균군적살균솔분별위(99.99±1.20)%、(99.99±1.43)%화(100.00±0.01)%，사소액서응상청액중분대장균군적수량종3.9×106개/L하강지검출한（3개/L）이하，자외선살균처리출수체도현행국가표준적무해화위생요구，해연구가능위소액적자외선살균기술적심입연구화소액안전순배이용제공삼고。
There are a large number of microorganisms in the liquid digestate from a swine farm. The liquid digestate should be disinfected prior to discharge or utilization for sanitary and environmental safety, but there is a lack of literature on the disinfection of liquid digestate from animal feeding operations. In view of the high turbidity and chromaticity, the transmittance (T254) of liquid digestate from swine farm is nearly zero, and liquid digestate must be treated prior to ultraviolet disinfection. Flocculation was applied to pre-treat liquid digestate in this study in order to obtain supernatants with different transmittances (T254) for the following disinfecting trials. In terms of total bacteria count, total coliforms, and fecal coliforms, experiments were conducted to investigate the disinfecting feasibility and the effectiveness of ultraviolet on the supernatants of flocculated digestate under 60 experimental conditions, which were formed by 4×3×5 factorial combinations of transmittances (T254) (0.01%, 0.69%, 3.78%and 8.54%), water depth (WD) (1, 2 and 3 cm), and hydraulic retention times (HRT) (1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 min). Results showed that T254, WD, and HRT all significantly affected (P<0.01) the disinfection effects of ultraviolet on the supernatants of flocculated digestate, and significant interactions (P<0.01) were also detected among the experimental factors. The disinfection rates of ultraviolet on total bacteria count, total coliforms, and fecal coliforms were (99.99±1.20)%, (99.99±1.43)%, and (100.00±0.01)%respectively, under the condition of 0.69%T254, 2 cm WD, and 15 min HRT. In such cases, the fecal coliforms in the supernatant of flocculated digestate decreased from 3.9×106 count/L to less than 3 count/L. Therefore, ultraviolet could be applied for the disinfection of the supernatants of flocculated digestate from swine farms, and the disinfected effluent could meet the sanitary requirements of the current national standards. It is recommended that the disinfected supernatant of digestate be reused for floor-flushing in swine farms, if the farms use tap water for production. and have no land in surrounding area for digestate application.
