湖南林业科技
湖南林業科技
호남임업과기
HUNAN FORESTRY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
2014年
3期
54-58
,共5页
赵丛笑%周春桃%刘玲%旷腾%林美秀
趙叢笑%週春桃%劉玲%曠騰%林美秀
조총소%주춘도%류령%광등%림미수
药用%野生植物%资源%南岳衡山
藥用%野生植物%資源%南嶽衡山
약용%야생식물%자원%남악형산
medicinal%wild plant%resource%Nanyue Hengshan
采用查阅资料和线路调查与样地调查相结合的方法，研究了南岳衡山野生药用植物资源组成和药用特点。结果表明：南岳衡山药用植物有167科467属817种，其中蕨类植物32科49属100种，裸子植物4科4属4种，被子植物131科414属713种。含10种药用植物以上的科有21科，其中菊科56种，蔷薇科33种，蝶形花科30种。817种药用植物中，木本植物254种，占31.09％，草本植物563种，占68.91％。各类药用功效植物占药用植物总数的比例变化范围在0.49％～33.78％之间，相差较大，属于I级（＜10.00％）有14类， II级（10.01％～20.00％）有3类，Ⅲ级（＞20.01％）有5类。药用植物中，同类器官入药的植物种数占药用植物总种数的百分比变化范围在0.98％～32.80％之间，其中一级（＜10.00％）所含植物的器官有木材类，节类，藤及藤茎类，树（枝）皮类和花类等5类，占器官总类别的50.00％；二级（10.01％～20.00％）所含植物的器官有茎及地下茎，果及种子类，枝叶等3类，占30.00％；三级（＞20.01％）有全株类和根及根皮类，占20.00％。药用植物中，直接用于临床的药材泡制材料的维管束植物有220种。
採用查閱資料和線路調查與樣地調查相結閤的方法，研究瞭南嶽衡山野生藥用植物資源組成和藥用特點。結果錶明：南嶽衡山藥用植物有167科467屬817種，其中蕨類植物32科49屬100種，裸子植物4科4屬4種，被子植物131科414屬713種。含10種藥用植物以上的科有21科，其中菊科56種，薔薇科33種，蝶形花科30種。817種藥用植物中，木本植物254種，佔31.09％，草本植物563種，佔68.91％。各類藥用功效植物佔藥用植物總數的比例變化範圍在0.49％～33.78％之間，相差較大，屬于I級（＜10.00％）有14類， II級（10.01％～20.00％）有3類，Ⅲ級（＞20.01％）有5類。藥用植物中，同類器官入藥的植物種數佔藥用植物總種數的百分比變化範圍在0.98％～32.80％之間，其中一級（＜10.00％）所含植物的器官有木材類，節類，籐及籐莖類，樹（枝）皮類和花類等5類，佔器官總類彆的50.00％；二級（10.01％～20.00％）所含植物的器官有莖及地下莖，果及種子類，枝葉等3類，佔30.00％；三級（＞20.01％）有全株類和根及根皮類，佔20.00％。藥用植物中，直接用于臨床的藥材泡製材料的維管束植物有220種。
채용사열자료화선로조사여양지조사상결합적방법，연구료남악형산야생약용식물자원조성화약용특점。결과표명：남악형산약용식물유167과467속817충，기중궐류식물32과49속100충，라자식물4과4속4충，피자식물131과414속713충。함10충약용식물이상적과유21과，기중국과56충，장미과33충，접형화과30충。817충약용식물중，목본식물254충，점31.09％，초본식물563충，점68.91％。각류약용공효식물점약용식물총수적비례변화범위재0.49％～33.78％지간，상차교대，속우I급（＜10.00％）유14류， II급（10.01％～20.00％）유3류，Ⅲ급（＞20.01％）유5류。약용식물중，동류기관입약적식물충수점약용식물총충수적백분비변화범위재0.98％～32.80％지간，기중일급（＜10.00％）소함식물적기관유목재류，절류，등급등경류，수（지）피류화화류등5류，점기관총유별적50.00％；이급（10.01％～20.00％）소함식물적기관유경급지하경，과급충자류，지협등3류，점30.00％；삼급（＞20.01％）유전주류화근급근피류，점20.00％。약용식물중，직접용우림상적약재포제재료적유관속식물유220충。
By using a mixture of traverse survey and sample area survey,in addition to referring to existing research re-sults and literature,the composition characters and utilization of wild medicinal plants in Nanyue Hengshan Mountain were studied. The results showed that,the medicinal plant in Nanyue Hengshan Mountain had 167 families 467 genera 817 species,including ferns in 32 families 49 genera 100 species,gymnosperms in 4 families 4 genera 4 species,angio-sperms in 131 families 414 genera 713 species. There were 21 families which had more than 10 species of medicinal plants,including 56 species of Asteraceae,33 species of Rosaceae and 30 species of Papilionaceae. Among 817 species of medicinal plants,there were 254 species of woody plant,accounting for 31.09%,and 563 species of herbaceous plant,accounting for 68.9 1%. Each medicinal efficacy plant’ s proportion to all medicinal plants differed considerably from 0.49% to 33.78%,including 14 level I classes (<10.00%),3 level Ⅱ classes (10.01%~20.00%)and 5 level Ⅲ classes (>20.01%). Among medicinal plant,the proportion of the plant with medicinal organs to all medici-nal plant differed considerably from 0.98% to 32.80%. The level I (<10.00%)plant’s organs had 5 classes which could be classified as wood,knot,ivy and vines,bark (branch)and flower,accounting for 50% of organ classes;the level II (10.01% to 20.00%)plant’s organs had 3 classes which could be classified as stem and underground stem, fruit and seed,leaf,accounting for 30.00%;The level III ones had 2 classes which could be classified as whole plant and root,accounting for 20.00%. There were 220 species of vascular plants which could be directly used as clinical medical materials.
