CAJ | 학술논문

重点探讨了水处理系统中纳米颗粒（NPs）污染物的分布和归趋特点，及其对系统中微生物菌群结构与功能、有机物与氮磷去除效率的影响．结果显示：反应器可拦截进水中90％以上NPs；NPs短期内对水处理系统有机物去除效率无明显抑制，当50 mg/L的纳米TiO2和ZnO作用70 d可使得污水总氮去除率从80．3％，81．5％降至24．4％和70．8％，纳米ZnO甚至可使除磷效率完全丧失．NPs还会造成反应器内硝化细菌浓度和比重的下降，如50 mg/L TiO2作用70 d可使反应器内氨氧化菌和亚硝酸盐氧化菌含量分别由8％，6％降至1％和3％，但对聚磷菌种群的相关显著影响尚未发现．NPs的生物毒性作用机制主要包括氧化胁迫、细胞膜破坏与酶活性抑制等，如50 mg/L的纳米TiO2可分别对活性污泥中的氨单加氧酶和亚硝酸盐氧化还原酶活性产生80％和55％的抑制率．
중점탐토료수처리계통중납미과립（NPs）오염물적분포화귀추특점，급기대계통중미생물균군결구여공능、유궤물여담린거제효솔적영향．결과현시：반응기가란절진수중90％이상NPs；NPs단기내대수처리계통유궤물거제효솔무명현억제，당50 mg/L적납미TiO2화ZnO작용70 d가사득오수총담거제솔종80．3％，81．5％강지24．4％화70．8％，납미ZnO심지가사제린효솔완전상실．NPs환회조성반응기내초화세균농도화비중적하강，여50 mg/L TiO2작용70 d가사반응기내안양화균화아초산염양화균함량분별유8％，6％강지1％화3％，단대취린균충군적상관현저영향상미발현．NPs적생물독성작용궤제주요포괄양화협박、세포막파배여매활성억제등，여50 mg/L적납미TiO2가분별대활성오니중적안단가양매화아초산염양화환원매활성산생80％화55％적억제솔．
The distributions and fates of nanoparticles (NPs)pollutants in the biological wastewater treatment systems and the impacts of NPs on the structures and functions of microbial community, the removal of organic matter,nitrogen and phosphorus were investigated.The results show that more than 90%of NPs can be intercepted in the bioreactor.When the wastewater treatment system is exposed to the influent with 50 mg/L of nano-TiO2 and nano-ZnO for 70 d,the removal efficiencies of total nitrogen decrease from 80.3%and 81.5%to 24.4%and 70.8%,respectively.Nano-ZnO can even cause a complete loss of phosphorus removal ability.The presence of NPs can cause a de-crease in density and abundance of nitrifying bacteria,but this decrease of phosphorus accumulating organisms in the microbial community of a bioreactor is not observed.When exposed to 50 mg/L nano-TiO2 for 70 d,the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria decreased from 8%and 6% to 1% and 3%,respectively.Mechanisms of NPs biotoxicity include oxidative stress,cell damage,and enzyme inhibition.When 50 mg/L nano-TiO2 is exerted on the activated sludge,the activity inhibition rates of ammonia monooxygenase and nitrite oxidoreductase are 80% and 55%, respectively.