CAJ | 학술논문

目的：研究超导材料清洗过程中产生的废酸的处理和回收技术,实现废酸提纯回用,达到废酸液零排放的目标。方法向废酸液中配入工业浓硫酸,以提供适量浓度的环境,然后在25 kPa真空环境下进行蒸发,酸蒸气通过换热器冷凝再生,浓缩后获得的金属硫酸盐溶液进行常温下冷却结晶回收。按照配酸、蒸发、冷凝、结晶等工艺要求,设计、制作废酸再生回用的耐腐蚀过程设备,调试组成废酸再生系统,验证并优化工艺细节。结果研制的负压蒸发再生系统日处理废酸量达到9~15 t,再生酸经浓度调整后直接回用,从浓缩液中得到的硫酸盐结晶物可作为其它化工原料。结论成功实现了清洗超导材料用硝酸和氢氟酸的再生,整个环节没有污染物排放,同时设备具备造价低、运行稳定可靠、维护量小等优点。
목적：연구초도재료청세과정중산생적폐산적처리화회수기술,실현폐산제순회용,체도폐산액령배방적목표。방법향폐산액중배입공업농류산,이제공괄량농도적배경,연후재25 kPa진공배경하진행증발,산증기통과환열기냉응재생,농축후획득적금속류산염용액진행상온하냉각결정회수。안조배산、증발、냉응、결정등공예요구,설계、제작폐산재생회용적내부식과정설비,조시조성폐산재생계통,험증병우화공예세절。결과연제적부압증발재생계통일처리폐산량체도9~15 t,재생산경농도조정후직접회용,종농축액중득도적류산염결정물가작위기타화공원료。결론성공실현료청세초도재료용초산화경불산적재생,정개배절몰유오염물배방,동시설비구비조개저、운행은정가고、유호량소등우점。
Objective To study the treatment and recycle technology of waste acid generated during the cleaning process of su-perconducting material, in order to realize the purification and reuse of waste acid, reaching the goal of zero release of waste acid. Methods Concentrated sulfuric acid was mixed with the waste acid liquid to provide the suitable concentration, then the mixture was evaporated in a vacuum environment under 25 kPa, where the acid evaporator was condensed and regenerated,and metal crys-tals were obtained from the enriched melt sulfate solution after cooling at room temperature. A whole set of corrosion resistant e-quipment were designed and developed according to the requirements of mixing acid, evaporation, condensation and crystallization. The process details were validated and optimized with commissioning. Results Totally 9~15 tons of waste acid was treated daily with the system. The regenerated acid could be reused after concentration adjustment, and the sulfate crystals from the concentrated liquid could be used raw materials for other chemicals. Conclusion Nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid for cleaning of superconduct-ing material were successfully regenerated and reused. No pollutant was discharged in the whole process. Meanwhile, the equip-ment had a number of advantages, such as stability, reliability, low cost and low maintenance.