CAJ | 학술논문

针对国家深部探测项目地震数据采集及表层速度结构模型建立的需求，在辽西葫芦岛东部二维地震勘探工区开展了表层结构调查工作。该地区地表起伏大，表层结构复杂，低、降速层厚度和速度多变，静校正问题突出，做好表层结构速度建模工作成为该区地震勘探的关键问题之一。由该工区实验点多种表层调查方法对比实验结果，确定了该工区表层调查工作方式：以井中微测井方法为主，在满足小折射地表条件的区段辅以成本较低的小折射方法作为补充；同时对留作微测井的生产井进行岩性录井。基于以上方法，分析了表层调查野外施工的难点和对策，确定了微测井采集参数。本次表层调查工作测线长度16．9 km，设计了8口微测井，根据微测井解释成果得到如下结果：该测线表层分2～3层；低速层厚度为1．68～4．33 m，速度为350～1000 m/s；降速层厚度为5．00～12．00 m，速度为1000～2800 m/s；高速层主要为岩性致密的花岗岩，速度为2800～4900 m/s。根据井中微测井结果及层间相似系数，建立了该测线的表层模型，设计激发井深13．00～15．00 m，并获得静校正量数据。
침대국가심부탐측항목지진수거채집급표층속도결구모형건립적수구，재료서호호도동부이유지진감탐공구개전료표층결구조사공작。해지구지표기복대，표층결구복잡，저、강속층후도화속도다변，정교정문제돌출，주호표층결구속도건모공작성위해구지진감탐적관건문제지일。유해공구실험점다충표층조사방법대비실험결과，학정료해공구표층조사공작방식：이정중미측정방법위주，재만족소절사지표조건적구단보이성본교저적소절사방법작위보충；동시대류작미측정적생산정진행암성록정。기우이상방법，분석료표층조사야외시공적난점화대책，학정료미측정채집삼수。본차표층조사공작측선장도16．9 km，설계료8구미측정，근거미측정해석성과득도여하결과：해측선표층분2～3층；저속층후도위1．68～4．33 m，속도위350～1000 m/s；강속층후도위5．00～12．00 m，속도위1000～2800 m/s；고속층주요위암성치밀적화강암，속도위2800～4900 m/s。근거정중미측정결과급층간상사계수，건립료해측선적표층모형，설계격발정심13．00～15．00 m，병획득정교정량수거。
To meet the demands of seismic exploration acquisition and near-surface velocity modeling in deep exploration in China,surface survey was carried out in 2D exploration area of eastern Huludao in western Liaoning. The topography of this region is undulating, surface structure is complex, the thickness and speed of low-velocity layer and slow-down-velocity layer is unstable, leading to a prominent static correction problem.Therefore,it is a key problem to complete the j ob of near-surface modeling in this region.By comparing the different results from a variety of methods,we choose following surface survey methods.Uphole survey method is given priority;then refraction method, which costs lower,in the region that meets the refraction surface conditions;at last,as a complement, lithology log method at production well reserved for uphole survey.With these methods,we analyze the difficulty and countermeasure of surface survey and determine the parameters of field construction.In this surface survey,along the profile of 1 6 .9 km,8 loggings is laid out.According to the micro log interpretation results,the near surface is of two or three layers;low-velocity layer thickness is 1.68 4.33 m with a speed about 350 1 000 m/s;the thickness of low velocity zone is about 5 12 m,whose speed ranges from 1 000 to 2 800 m/s;the high speed layer is pyknotic granite,whose speed is 2 800 4 900 m/s.According to the results of micro logging and the coefficiency similarity between each layer, the authors establish a near-surface model,suggest the depth of shot hole,and obtain the statics data. These works effectively guide the design of field seismic acquisition,provide the reliable basis for data processing,and supply a reference to the surface survey in other region.