表面技术
錶麵技術
표면기술
SURFACE TECHNOLOGY
2014年
3期
144-151
,共8页
何璧%聂明%李庆%刘晓卫%杜胜娟%周倩%廖羽佳%王宏煜%袁宇%刘其阳%李欢%唐彬彬
何璧%聶明%李慶%劉曉衛%杜勝娟%週倩%廖羽佳%王宏煜%袁宇%劉其暘%李歡%唐彬彬
하벽%섭명%리경%류효위%두성연%주천%료우가%왕굉욱%원우%류기양%리환%당빈빈
表面改性%阳极催化剂%质子交换膜%直接甲醇燃料电池
錶麵改性%暘極催化劑%質子交換膜%直接甲醇燃料電池
표면개성%양겁최화제%질자교환막%직접갑순연료전지
direct methanol fuel cell ( DMFC)%anode catalyst%proton exchange membrane
直接甲醇燃料电池( DMFC)由于结构简单、能量密度大、无污染等优点，已经成为近年来国内外研究的热点之一。简要介绍了直接甲醇燃料电池的原理，重点概述了阳极催化剂和电解质膜这两个决定电池性能的关键材料的表面改性及其研究进展。介绍了提高直接甲醇燃料电池阳极催化剂催化活性的各种改性技术，如通过离子溅射法、分子束法等传统物理方法对电极表面进行修饰，在电极材料中掺杂对甲醇催化活性较好的纳米材料等。此外，还介绍了基于降低甲醇渗透率的Nafion膜改进技术，如通过等离子蚀刻法等物理手段对膜表面进行改性，掺杂阻醇性能较好的无机化合物等。并介绍了几种具有应用前景的新型替代膜，如接枝膜、共混膜等。最后对直接甲醇燃料电池的发展应用进行了展望。
直接甲醇燃料電池( DMFC)由于結構簡單、能量密度大、無汙染等優點，已經成為近年來國內外研究的熱點之一。簡要介紹瞭直接甲醇燃料電池的原理，重點概述瞭暘極催化劑和電解質膜這兩箇決定電池性能的關鍵材料的錶麵改性及其研究進展。介紹瞭提高直接甲醇燃料電池暘極催化劑催化活性的各種改性技術，如通過離子濺射法、分子束法等傳統物理方法對電極錶麵進行脩飾，在電極材料中摻雜對甲醇催化活性較好的納米材料等。此外，還介紹瞭基于降低甲醇滲透率的Nafion膜改進技術，如通過等離子蝕刻法等物理手段對膜錶麵進行改性，摻雜阻醇性能較好的無機化閤物等。併介紹瞭幾種具有應用前景的新型替代膜，如接枝膜、共混膜等。最後對直接甲醇燃料電池的髮展應用進行瞭展望。
직접갑순연료전지( DMFC)유우결구간단、능량밀도대、무오염등우점，이경성위근년래국내외연구적열점지일。간요개소료직접갑순연료전지적원리，중점개술료양겁최화제화전해질막저량개결정전지성능적관건재료적표면개성급기연구진전。개소료제고직접갑순연료전지양겁최화제최화활성적각충개성기술，여통과리자천사법、분자속법등전통물리방법대전겁표면진행수식，재전겁재료중참잡대갑순최화활성교호적납미재료등。차외，환개소료기우강저갑순삼투솔적Nafion막개진기술，여통과등리자식각법등물리수단대막표면진행개성，참잡조순성능교호적무궤화합물등。병개소료궤충구유응용전경적신형체대막，여접지막、공혼막등。최후대직접갑순연료전지적발전응용진행료전망。
Objective Direct methanol fuel cells ( DMFC) have become the domestic and international research focus in recent years due to its many advantages, such as simple structure, high energy density and pollutionlessness. This paper reviewed the principle of DMFC and the study process of anode catalyst and proton exchange membrane was emphatically elaborated. The details in modification of the anode catalyst for improving its catalytic activity were introduced, for example, the modification of the elec-trode surface by physical methods such as ion sputtering and molecular beam method, and modification of the electrode material by doping with nanomaterials of higher methanol catalysis activity. Emphasis was laid on the studies on both Nafion membranes and the substitutes to remarkably reduce the methanol permeability, such as the modification over the membrane surface by physical means of plasma etching, and by doping with some methanol-resistant inorganic compounds. Several promising alternative membranes were introduced, such as the grafted membranes and blended membranes. Finally, the outlook of DMFC was proposed.
