贵州农业科学
貴州農業科學
귀주농업과학
GUIZHOU AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
2014年
5期
184-187
,共4页
陈远%夏玉芳%王程%谢钊俊
陳遠%夏玉芳%王程%謝釗俊
진원%하옥방%왕정%사쇠준
构树%幼林%截顶%留顶%林冠层%持水量
構樹%幼林%截頂%留頂%林冠層%持水量
구수%유림%절정%류정%림관층%지수량
Broussonetia papyrifera%young forest%topping%branch-cutting%canopy%water holding capacity
为喀斯特地区水土保持构树造林提供理论依据,对3个地径组(A1:0.5 cm≤d<1.0 cm;A2:1.0 cm≤d<1.5 cm;A3:d≥1.5 cm)的构树苗木进行截顶(离地面高30 cm)留侧枝、留顶除侧枝处理,用简易吸水法测定标准株生长情况和地上部分枝、干、叶及林冠的持水量。结果表明:造林成活率和保存率都在85%以上,造林后第1年,≥1.5 cm地径组截顶处理的标准株树高、地径、平均冠幅、平均根幅均最高,分别达197.37 cm、24.70 mm、106.45 cm 和101.61 cm;枝、干和叶的持水量均最高,分别为11.94 g/株、14.9 g/株和227.92 g/株;冠层的最大持水量为27.93 kg/667m2。造林后第2年,3个地径组截顶处理的树高、地径、根长、平均根幅均优于留顶处理,其中≥1.5 cm地径组截顶处理的树高、地径、根长、平均根幅均最高,分别达243.44 cm、40.73 cm、134.89 cm和104.22 cm;枝的持水量最高,为49.09 g/株;叶的持水量达514.3 g/株;冠层的最大持水量为61.10 kg/667m2。地径≥1.5 cm的构树进行截顶造林有利于植株的生长和握持水分。
為喀斯特地區水土保持構樹造林提供理論依據,對3箇地徑組(A1:0.5 cm≤d<1.0 cm;A2:1.0 cm≤d<1.5 cm;A3:d≥1.5 cm)的構樹苗木進行截頂(離地麵高30 cm)留側枝、留頂除側枝處理,用簡易吸水法測定標準株生長情況和地上部分枝、榦、葉及林冠的持水量。結果錶明:造林成活率和保存率都在85%以上,造林後第1年,≥1.5 cm地徑組截頂處理的標準株樹高、地徑、平均冠幅、平均根幅均最高,分彆達197.37 cm、24.70 mm、106.45 cm 和101.61 cm;枝、榦和葉的持水量均最高,分彆為11.94 g/株、14.9 g/株和227.92 g/株;冠層的最大持水量為27.93 kg/667m2。造林後第2年,3箇地徑組截頂處理的樹高、地徑、根長、平均根幅均優于留頂處理,其中≥1.5 cm地徑組截頂處理的樹高、地徑、根長、平均根幅均最高,分彆達243.44 cm、40.73 cm、134.89 cm和104.22 cm;枝的持水量最高,為49.09 g/株;葉的持水量達514.3 g/株;冠層的最大持水量為61.10 kg/667m2。地徑≥1.5 cm的構樹進行截頂造林有利于植株的生長和握持水分。
위객사특지구수토보지구수조림제공이론의거,대3개지경조(A1:0.5 cm≤d<1.0 cm;A2:1.0 cm≤d<1.5 cm;A3:d≥1.5 cm)적구수묘목진행절정(리지면고30 cm)류측지、류정제측지처리,용간역흡수법측정표준주생장정황화지상부분지、간、협급림관적지수량。결과표명:조림성활솔화보존솔도재85%이상,조림후제1년,≥1.5 cm지경조절정처리적표준주수고、지경、평균관폭、평균근폭균최고,분별체197.37 cm、24.70 mm、106.45 cm 화101.61 cm;지、간화협적지수량균최고,분별위11.94 g/주、14.9 g/주화227.92 g/주;관층적최대지수량위27.93 kg/667m2。조림후제2년,3개지경조절정처리적수고、지경、근장、평균근폭균우우류정처리,기중≥1.5 cm지경조절정처리적수고、지경、근장、평균근폭균최고,분별체243.44 cm、40.73 cm、134.89 cm화104.22 cm;지적지수량최고,위49.09 g/주;협적지수량체514.3 g/주;관층적최대지수량위61.10 kg/667m2。지경≥1.5 cm적구수진행절정조림유리우식주적생장화악지수분。
The growth status and water holding capacity of branches, stem, leaf and canopy of B.papyrifera with three different stem diameters (A1∶0.5 cm≤d<1.0 cm,A2∶1.0 cm≤d<1.5 cm and A3∶d≥1 .5 cm)under topping and branch-cutting cultivation patterns were determined by the simple water absorption method to provide the theoretical basis for conservation of water and soil by B. papyrifera afforestation in Karst area.The survival and preserving rate of B.papyrifera both over 85%.The height,ground diameter,average canopy and average root width,and water holding capacity of branch,stem and leaf of the treatment with ≥1 .5 cm stem diameter under the topping cultivation pattern after one year were 197.37 cm,24.70 mm,106.45 cm and 101.61 cm,and 11.94 g/tree,14.9 g/tree and 227.92 g/tree respectively and the maximum backwater capacity was up to 27.93 kg/667m2 .The height, ground diameter,root length and average root width of the treatments with three different stem diameters under the topping cultivation pattern after two years all were higher than the treatments under the branch-cutting cultivation pattern.Of which,the height,ground diameter,root length and average root width, and water holding capacity of branch,stem and leaf of the treatment with ≥1 .5 cm stem diameter under the topping cultivation pattern were 243.44 cm,40.73 cm,134.89 cm and 104.22 cm,49.09 g/tree, 31.1 g/tree and 514.3 g/tree and the maximum backwater capacity reached 61.10 kg/667m2.The topping cultivation pattern of B.papyrifera with ≥1 .5 cm stem diameter was beneficial to growth and water holding of B.papyrifera.