CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解上海市农村外来务工吸烟者的尼古丁依赖程度及影响因素，为有效开展控烟工作提供科学依据。方法2012年7-10月，采用多阶段抽样方法，对上海市7个区5856名农村外来务工人员进行问卷调查。用尼古丁依赖评估量表（ FTND）评价尼古丁依赖程度，尼古丁依赖的相关因素采用logistic回归分析。结果外来务工者的吸烟率23.7％（1274/5380），吸烟者的平均FTND评分3.38±2.49，其中尼古丁高度依赖者和低度依赖者分别占21.7％（277/1274）和78.3％（997/1274），FTND评分分别为7.00±1.07和2.37±1.71。 logistic回归分析显示，影响外来务工吸烟者尼古丁依赖的因素为受教育程度、吸烟年限和外出务工时间。受教育程度低的吸烟者更容易出现尼古丁高度依赖，且随着教育程度的降低，尼古丁高度依赖的风险逐渐增加（以高中及以上者为对照，初中文化者OR＝1.742，小学及以下者OR＝1.994）；吸烟年限越长越容易出现尼古丁高度依赖（以吸烟年限5年及以下者为对照，吸烟年限6～10年者OR＝3.007，11～15年者OR＝4.076，16～20年者OR＝5.451，20年及以上者OR＝5.726）；外出务工时间3年以上者成为尼古丁高度依赖者的风险低（以外出时间1年以下者为对照，3～5年者OR＝0.602，5年以上者OR＝0.407）。结论上海市农村外来务工人员吸烟者中尼古丁高度依赖的比例较高，受教育程度、吸烟年限、外出务工时间是影响外来务工人员尼古丁依赖的主要因素。
목적료해상해시농촌외래무공흡연자적니고정의뢰정도급영향인소，위유효개전공연공작제공과학의거。방법2012년7-10월，채용다계단추양방법，대상해시7개구5856명농촌외래무공인원진행문권조사。용니고정의뢰평고량표（ FTND）평개니고정의뢰정도，니고정의뢰적상관인소채용logistic회귀분석。결과외래무공자적흡연솔23.7％（1274/5380），흡연자적평균FTND평분3.38±2.49，기중니고정고도의뢰자화저도의뢰자분별점21.7％（277/1274）화78.3％（997/1274），FTND평분분별위7.00±1.07화2.37±1.71。 logistic회귀분석현시，영향외래무공흡연자니고정의뢰적인소위수교육정도、흡연년한화외출무공시간。수교육정도저적흡연자경용역출현니고정고도의뢰，차수착교육정도적강저，니고정고도의뢰적풍험축점증가（이고중급이상자위대조，초중문화자OR＝1.742，소학급이하자OR＝1.994）；흡연년한월장월용역출현니고정고도의뢰（이흡연년한5년급이하자위대조，흡연년한6～10년자OR＝3.007，11～15년자OR＝4.076，16～20년자OR＝5.451，20년급이상자OR＝5.726）；외출무공시간3년이상자성위니고정고도의뢰자적풍험저（이외출시간1년이하자위대조，3～5년자OR＝0.602，5년이상자OR＝0.407）。결론상해시농촌외래무공인원흡연자중니고정고도의뢰적비례교고，수교육정도、흡연년한、외출무공시간시영향외래무공인원니고정의뢰적주요인소。
Objective To explore the nicotine dependence levels and the influencing factors of dependence among rural-to-urban migrant workers in Shanghai so as to provide scientific rationales for an effective implementation of tobacco control.Methods Multi-stage randomized sampling was used to select a total of 5 856 rural-to-urban migrant workers from 7 districts in Shanghai.Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence ( FTND) and logistic regression model were used to analyze the association between nicotine dependence and relevant risk factors.Results The current smoking prevalence was 23.7%.The average FTND score for current smokers , high dependence and low dependence were 3.38 ±2.49, 7.00 ±1.07 and 2.23 ±1.71 respectively.The high and low dependence rates were 21.7% and 78.3%.The results of logistic regression showed that education , duration of smoking and length of migration were associated with nicotine dependence.Lower level of education was more prone to high nicotine dependence.Those with a lower education had a higher risk of nicotine dependence ( junior high school: OR=1.742, primary school or lower: OR =1.994 vs.senior high school or higher ).High nicotine dependence increased with the duration of smoking (smoking 6-10 years:OR=3.007, 11-15 years:OR=4.076, 16-20 years:OR=5.451, 20 years or more:OR=5.726 vs.5 years or less).Length of migration over 3 years was less likely to have a high nicotine dependence (3-5 years: OR=0.602, more than 5 years: OR=0.407 vs.<1 year) .Conclusion The rate of high nicotine dependence is high among rural-to-urban migrant workers in Shanghai.Level of education , duration of smoking and length of migration are significant influencing factors of nicotine dependence.