中华医学杂志
中華醫學雜誌
중화의학잡지
National Medical Journal of China
2014年
22期
1701-1704
,共4页
吴赵敏%王娜%钱秋谨%杨莉%钱英%刘璐%刘豫鑫%程嘉%孙黎%曹庆久%王玉凤
吳趙敏%王娜%錢鞦謹%楊莉%錢英%劉璐%劉豫鑫%程嘉%孫黎%曹慶久%王玉鳳
오조민%왕나%전추근%양리%전영%류로%류예흠%정가%손려%조경구%왕옥봉
注意力缺陷障碍伴多动%学习障碍%儿童%记忆
註意力缺陷障礙伴多動%學習障礙%兒童%記憶
주의력결함장애반다동%학습장애%인동%기억
Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity%Learning disorders%Child%Memory
目的:探讨共患学习困难的注意缺陷多动障碍( ADHD)男童的记忆特征。方法自2003年12月至2012年9月于北京大学第六医院精神卫生研究所就诊,依据年龄、智商、亚型相匹配的符合美国《精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版》( DSM-Ⅳ)诊断标准的ADHD共患学习困难( ADHD+LD组)和ADHD不共患学习困难( ADHD-LD组)男童各97例,并选择相匹配的健康对照(对照组)男童97名。采用儿童韦氏记忆量表评估3组男童的记忆能力。结果(1) ADHD+LD组记忆商数和长时记忆均明显低于 ADHD -LD 组和对照组[90±15比98±14、104±14,(36.0±10.2)比(42.1±7.8)、(45.6±6.7)分,均P<0.05];ADHD+LD组短时记忆和瞬时记忆也均明显低于对照组[(53.0±9.2)比(58.0±9.7)分,(10.0±3.3)比(11.3±3.5)分,均P<0.05],但与ADHD-LD组[(54.9±10.7)、(10.8±3.2)分]比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。(2)韦氏记忆量表各分量表测验中,经历和定向、心智1→100、心智100→1、联想分测验得分,ADHD+LD组低于ADHD-LD组及对照组[(8.8±3.1)比(10.0±3.0)、(9.9±2.3)分,(8.7±4.1)比(10.0±3.9)、(11.1±3.6)分,(10.7±3.9)比(12.9±2.8)、(13.7±2.2)分,(9.8±3.1)比(10.8±2.6)、(11.1±2.1)分,均P<0.05];心智积累分测验得分,ADHD+LD组低于ADHD-LD组及对照组,ADHD-LD组也低于对照组(均P<0.05);图片、再生、背数测验得分,ADHD+LD组均明显低于对照组(均P<0.05),但与ADHD-LD组比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论共患学习困难的ADHD男童总记忆功能和长时记忆明显受损,短时记忆部分受损,而瞬时记忆影响不显著。
目的:探討共患學習睏難的註意缺陷多動障礙( ADHD)男童的記憶特徵。方法自2003年12月至2012年9月于北京大學第六醫院精神衛生研究所就診,依據年齡、智商、亞型相匹配的符閤美國《精神障礙診斷與統計手冊第4版》( DSM-Ⅳ)診斷標準的ADHD共患學習睏難( ADHD+LD組)和ADHD不共患學習睏難( ADHD-LD組)男童各97例,併選擇相匹配的健康對照(對照組)男童97名。採用兒童韋氏記憶量錶評估3組男童的記憶能力。結果(1) ADHD+LD組記憶商數和長時記憶均明顯低于 ADHD -LD 組和對照組[90±15比98±14、104±14,(36.0±10.2)比(42.1±7.8)、(45.6±6.7)分,均P<0.05];ADHD+LD組短時記憶和瞬時記憶也均明顯低于對照組[(53.0±9.2)比(58.0±9.7)分,(10.0±3.3)比(11.3±3.5)分,均P<0.05],但與ADHD-LD組[(54.9±10.7)、(10.8±3.2)分]比較,差異無統計學意義(均P>0.05)。(2)韋氏記憶量錶各分量錶測驗中,經歷和定嚮、心智1→100、心智100→1、聯想分測驗得分,ADHD+LD組低于ADHD-LD組及對照組[(8.8±3.1)比(10.0±3.0)、(9.9±2.3)分,(8.7±4.1)比(10.0±3.9)、(11.1±3.6)分,(10.7±3.9)比(12.9±2.8)、(13.7±2.2)分,(9.8±3.1)比(10.8±2.6)、(11.1±2.1)分,均P<0.05];心智積纍分測驗得分,ADHD+LD組低于ADHD-LD組及對照組,ADHD-LD組也低于對照組(均P<0.05);圖片、再生、揹數測驗得分,ADHD+LD組均明顯低于對照組(均P<0.05),但與ADHD-LD組比較差異均無統計學意義(均P>0.05)。結論共患學習睏難的ADHD男童總記憶功能和長時記憶明顯受損,短時記憶部分受損,而瞬時記憶影響不顯著。
목적:탐토공환학습곤난적주의결함다동장애( ADHD)남동적기억특정。방법자2003년12월지2012년9월우북경대학제륙의원정신위생연구소취진,의거년령、지상、아형상필배적부합미국《정신장애진단여통계수책제4판》( DSM-Ⅳ)진단표준적ADHD공환학습곤난( ADHD+LD조)화ADHD불공환학습곤난( ADHD-LD조)남동각97례,병선택상필배적건강대조(대조조)남동97명。채용인동위씨기억량표평고3조남동적기억능력。결과(1) ADHD+LD조기억상수화장시기억균명현저우 ADHD -LD 조화대조조[90±15비98±14、104±14,(36.0±10.2)비(42.1±7.8)、(45.6±6.7)분,균P<0.05];ADHD+LD조단시기억화순시기억야균명현저우대조조[(53.0±9.2)비(58.0±9.7)분,(10.0±3.3)비(11.3±3.5)분,균P<0.05],단여ADHD-LD조[(54.9±10.7)、(10.8±3.2)분]비교,차이무통계학의의(균P>0.05)。(2)위씨기억량표각분량표측험중,경력화정향、심지1→100、심지100→1、련상분측험득분,ADHD+LD조저우ADHD-LD조급대조조[(8.8±3.1)비(10.0±3.0)、(9.9±2.3)분,(8.7±4.1)비(10.0±3.9)、(11.1±3.6)분,(10.7±3.9)비(12.9±2.8)、(13.7±2.2)분,(9.8±3.1)비(10.8±2.6)、(11.1±2.1)분,균P<0.05];심지적루분측험득분,ADHD+LD조저우ADHD-LD조급대조조,ADHD-LD조야저우대조조(균P<0.05);도편、재생、배수측험득분,ADHD+LD조균명현저우대조조(균P<0.05),단여ADHD-LD조비교차이균무통계학의의(균P>0.05)。결론공환학습곤난적ADHD남동총기억공능화장시기억명현수손,단시기억부분수손,이순시기억영향불현저。
Objective To explore the memory characteristic in boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) plus learning disability (LD).Methods A total of 97 ADHD boys with comorbid LD ( ADHD+LD) , 97 ADHD boys without comorbid LD ( ADHD-LD) and 97 healthy controls ( based on the criteria of DSM-Ⅳ) were recruited from the outpatient clinic of Peking University Sixth Hospital from December 2003 to September 2012.Individuals across three groups were matched by ages , intelligence quotient ( IQ) and ADHD subtypes.The Wechsler Memory Scale ( WMS) was used to access the characteristics of several memory domains.Results ADHD +LD group performed the worst and control group the best in memory quotient ( MQ) (90 ±15 vs 98 ±14 &104 ±14) and long-term memory domain ((36.0 ±10.2) vs (42.1 ±7.8) & (45.6 ±6.7) score, all P <0.05).ADHD +LD group scored significantly lower than the control group in short-term memory ((53.0 ±9.2)vs (58.0 ±9.7) score, P<0.05) and immediate memory domains ((10.0 ±3.3) vs (11.3 ±3.5) score, P <0.05).However, ADHD+LD group scored slightly but not significantly lower than the ADHD -LD group ( ( 54.9 ±10.7 ) , (10.8 ±3.2) score, P>0.05).In most subscales of WMS , ADHD+LD group scored significantly lower than both ADHD-LD and control group in current information and orientation , mental control ( 1→100 ) , mental control(100→1)and associate learning subscales ((8.8 ±3.1)vs(10.0 ±3.0)&(9.9 ±2.3)score, (8.7 ±4.1)vs(10.0 ±3.9)&(11.1 ±3.6)score,(10.7 ±3.9)vs(12.9 ±2.8)&(13.7 ±2.2)score, (9.8 ±3.1) vs(10.8 ±2.6)&(11.1 ±2.1) score,all P <0.05).In mental control (accumulation) subscale , all pairwise comparisons were statistically significant ( all P <0.05 ).In subscales of figure memory, visual reproduction and digit span , ADHD+LD scored significantly lower than the control group (all P<0.05), but not the ADHD-LD group (all P>0.05).Conclusions Boys with ADHD comorbid LD show deficits in overall memory function and long-term memory while short-term memory is partially damaged.Impairment in immediate memory is not detected.