CAJ | 학술논문

以冬小麦品种石新616,夏玉米品种浚单20为试验材料,采用田间定位试验和原位淋溶装置的方法,研究了河北省山前平原高产农田不同氮肥措施对冬小麦-夏玉米轮作农田0～100 cm土体中氮素淋失的影响。结果表明：不同施氮处理0～100 cm土层的NO3--N淋溶量和累积量均随施氮量的增加而增大;不同施氮措施对0～100 cm土体中无机氮分布和累积量的影响顺序为OPT＋N处理〉FP处理〉FP-S处理〉OPT处理〉OPT-N处理〉CK,其中OPT处理的小麦和玉米产量显著增加,且小麦和玉米收获后土壤的无机氮累积量明显降低;小麦季硝态氮主要分布在20～40 cm土层,玉米季硝态氮主要分布在表层和深层土体中;过量施氮是造成土壤氮素淋失和累积的主要来源。综合考虑经济效益和生态效益,在秸秆还田条件下,施氮量减少20%的施肥措施（OPT处理）是值得推荐的施氮措施。
이동소맥품충석신616,하옥미품충준단20위시험재료,채용전간정위시험화원위림용장치적방법,연구료하북성산전평원고산농전불동담비조시대동소맥-하옥미륜작농전0～100 cm토체중담소림실적영향。결과표명：불동시담처리0～100 cm토층적NO3--N림용량화루적량균수시담량적증가이증대;불동시담조시대0～100 cm토체중무궤담분포화루적량적영향순서위OPT＋N처리〉FP처리〉FP-S처리〉OPT처리〉OPT-N처리〉CK,기중OPT처리적소맥화옥미산량현저증가,차소맥화옥미수획후토양적무궤담루적량명현강저;소맥계초태담주요분포재20～40 cm토층,옥미계초태담주요분포재표층화심층토체중;과량시담시조성토양담소림실화루적적주요래원。종합고필경제효익화생태효익,재갈간환전조건하,시담량감소20%적시비조시（OPT처리）시치득추천적시담조시。
Using winter wheat variety Shixin 616 and summer corn variety Jundan 20 as the materials,the effects of different nitrogen management strategies on inorganic nitrogen leaching in 0-100 cm soil layer were studied by field experiments and in situ leaching device in winter wheat-summer maize rotation system of piedmont high yield farmland of Hebei Province.The results showed that NO3--N leaching and accumulation of different nitrogen fertilizer treatments were increased with the increaseing of nitrogen fertilization in 0-100 cm soil layer.The order of influences of different nitrogen fertilizer treatments on the distribution and cumulative amount of inorganic nitrogen in 0-100 cm soil layer was OPT+N treatmentFP treatmentFP-S treatmentOPT treatmentOPT-N treatmentCK.The yields of wheat and maize were increased significantly and the inorganic nitrogen accumulations of soil after wheat and maize harvest were decreased significantly in the OPT treatment.The nitrate nitrogen mainly existed in 20-40 cm soil layer during wheat season,while in maize season it was appeared mainly in the surface and deep layer.Excessive nitrogen fertilization was the main source of soil nitrogen leaching and accumulation.Considering the economic and ecological benefits,the OPT fertilization strategy was worth to be recommended to farmers in the straw mulching condition.