CAJ | 학술논문

为了探明中国南方羊舍环境条件和存在的问题，在江淮地区选择南方最常见的双坡式漏缝地板有窗封闭羊舍，连续2a 对其夏季最热月（7月）的空气环境指标进行了检测和分析，结果表明：1）该类羊舍最热月空气日平均温度、相对湿度、气流速度、光照强度、噪音与氨气质量浓度和二氧化碳体积分数分别为30.5℃、70.2%、0.16 m/s、99.45 lx、49.82 dB、1.98 mg/m3、0.060%，以上指标中，除日平均温度超标外，其他各项指标均符合环境卫生学标准；2）不同采样点（离地0.3、1、1.7 m）测定结果显示各参数（空气温度、相对湿度、氨气和二氧化碳浓度）夏季空间分布特征差异不显著；3）随着外界环境的变化，舍内空气温度和相对湿度有明显的日变化规律，而一月内的变化比较稳定，阴雨天降温幅度较大（6.9℃），试验期昼夜平均温差为2.3℃，舍内外平均温差为1.8℃；4）舍内氨气和二氧化碳浓度日、月变化幅度均较小；5）氨气浓度与空气温度和相对湿度之间存在显著的正相关性（r=0.8702，P＜0.05）。综合评价认为，双坡式漏缝地板有窗封闭羊舍小气候环境基本符合环境卫生学标准和山羊的生物学特性要求，适宜在江淮地区推广应用，但在炎热的夏季需要采取一定的降温措施。该研究可为一般羊舍小气候环境的测定及参数评价提供一定的参考。
위료탐명중국남방양사배경조건화존재적문제，재강회지구선택남방최상견적쌍파식루봉지판유창봉폐양사，련속2a 대기하계최열월（7월）적공기배경지표진행료검측화분석，결과표명：1）해류양사최열월공기일평균온도、상대습도、기류속도、광조강도、조음여안기질량농도화이양화탄체적분수분별위30.5℃、70.2%、0.16 m/s、99.45 lx、49.82 dB、1.98 mg/m3、0.060%，이상지표중，제일평균온도초표외，기타각항지표균부합배경위생학표준；2）불동채양점（리지0.3、1、1.7 m）측정결과현시각삼수（공기온도、상대습도、안기화이양화탄농도）하계공간분포특정차이불현저；3）수착외계배경적변화，사내공기온도화상대습도유명현적일변화규률，이일월내적변화비교은정，음우천강온폭도교대（6.9℃），시험기주야평균온차위2.3℃，사내외평균온차위1.8℃；4）사내안기화이양화탄농도일、월변화폭도균교소；5）안기농도여공기온도화상대습도지간존재현저적정상관성（r=0.8702，P＜0.05）。종합평개인위，쌍파식루봉지판유창봉폐양사소기후배경기본부합배경위생학표준화산양적생물학특성요구，괄의재강회지구추엄응용，단재염열적하계수요채취일정적강온조시。해연구가위일반양사소기후배경적측정급삼수평개제공일정적삼고。
In order to ascertain the environmental condition of goat shed and its existing problems in South China, this study had been conducted for two years to detect and analyze the air environmental indicators in double-sloped airtight goat houses with windows and slatted floor, which was the most commonly seen type of goat house in Southern China, in summer in Jianghuai Region. The results showed that: ① daily mean temperature, relative humidity, airflow velocity, illuminance, noise and concentration of nitrogen and carbon dioxide in such goat houses in the hottest month in summer were 30.5℃、70.2%、0.16 m/s、99.45 lx、49.82 dB、1.98 mg/m3、0.060%respectively. All indicators met the required standards of environmental hygiene except for the daily mean temperature. ②Measurement in different sampling points of goat houses showed that characteristics of space distribution of each above-mentioned parameters were not very apparent. ③As outside environment changed, daily mean temperatures and relative humidity in the sampling points also changed apparently. The shift was relatively steady in January, while temperatures in rainy days dropped fairly significantly (6.9℃). Average temperature difference between days and nights during the trial period was 2.3℃. Average indoor and outdoor temperature difference in the goat houses was 1.8℃. ④ Daily and monthly concentration of nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the sampling sites shifted slightly. ⑤There was a significant negative correlation between temperature and relative humidity of the air in the sampling sites (r=-0.9818, P<0.01), while a significant positive correlation was detected between the concentration of nitrogen and the temperature and relative humidity of the air (r=0.8702, P<0.05). It is recognized based on the comprehensive evaluation that microclimatic environment of double-sloped airtight goat house with windows and slatted floor is basically in accordance with biological characteristics of environmental hygiene and goats. Thus, this type of goat house is suitable to be promoted and applied in Jianghuai Region, and it is only necessary to take certain measures to lower the temperature in the houses in hot summer weather.