CAJ | 학술논문

荒漠化是当今世界威胁人类生存的重要问题，深栽造林技术可以有效提高干旱沙地造林成活率和保存率，所以高效深栽造林设备的研究就显得尤为重要。论文首先对国内外干旱沙地深栽造林方式及相关机具进行了综述比较，得出深栽造林钻孔机的造林成活率最高，但是造林效率还需要提高。在对工作环境进行了解的基础上，提出了深栽造林钻孔机的总体方案，以LH1630-2拖拉机为动力底盘,采用全液压驱动与控制的方式，完成了各个关键零部件的设计选型和样机的制作与装配，并在内蒙古林场进行了深栽造林钻孔实地试验。试验结果表明，深栽造林钻孔机钻孔过程比较顺畅，钻孔效率相比传统的单钻深栽造林钻孔机提高了约1倍，可达到180孔/h，钻孔直径为90 mm左右，钻孔最大深度可达1.7 m，钻孔间距可以在2.5～4 m之间调整，钻孔行距可以通过拖拉机的行驶在1～4 m之间调整，对于适合在本地区生长的杨树树种，深栽造林的成活率可达90％以上。研究结果可为深栽造林钻孔的设计和应用提供参考。
황막화시당금세계위협인류생존적중요문제，심재조림기술가이유효제고간한사지조림성활솔화보존솔，소이고효심재조림설비적연구취현득우위중요。논문수선대국내외간한사지심재조림방식급상관궤구진행료종술비교，득출심재조림찬공궤적조림성활솔최고，단시조림효솔환수요제고。재대공작배경진행료해적기출상，제출료심재조림찬공궤적총체방안，이LH1630-2타랍궤위동력저반,채용전액압구동여공제적방식，완성료각개관건령부건적설계선형화양궤적제작여장배，병재내몽고림장진행료심재조림찬공실지시험。시험결과표명，심재조림찬공궤찬공과정비교순창，찬공효솔상비전통적단찬심재조림찬공궤제고료약1배，가체도180공/h，찬공직경위90 mm좌우，찬공최대심도가체1.7 m，찬공간거가이재2.5～4 m지간조정，찬공행거가이통과타랍궤적행사재1～4 m지간조정，대우괄합재본지구생장적양수수충，심재조림적성활솔가체90％이상。연구결과가위심재조림찬공적설계화응용제공삼고。
Desertification is the one of humanity’s most serious problems. Most countries have paid a lot of attention to combat desertification. China is one of the most desertified countries in the world. The deserted land is up to 27.32%of China’s total cultivated land. Afforestation and recovering vegetation on the desertified land is the most efficient and practical method to combat desertification. An investigation on deep tree planting in an arid area showed that planted trees have had almost a 100%survival rate when planted at depths exceeding 1.4m and a 78%survival rate when planting depth is 70cm to 80cm. Deep tree planting is a remarkable technology and an effective method to increase the tree planting survival rate and keep rate. In order to improve the efficiency of deep planting afforestation and to reduce its cost, an efficient deep-planting earth auger was designed. The deep planting earth auger was powered with an LH1630-2 mini agricultural tractor. The machine was totally hydraulic driving, operating, and controlling. The deep planting earth auger has two sets of working devices, which can drill two holes in one cycle of work, and the distance between the working devices can be adjusted as required. The entire drilling machine is composed of the LH1630-2 tractor, trailer, gearbox, hydraulic pump station, hydraulic control platform, and drilling devices. The trailer is towed by the LH1630-2 tractor with mount point. The PTO shaft of the tractor drives the hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump station drives the working devices. The gearbox, pump station, fuel tank, hydraulic control platform, and drilling devices are arranged on trailers. The paper provides the completed design of parts, such as gear box,drilling equipment,lifting equipment,chain tensioner,pulley equipment,auger bit,vertical guidance, and trailer, and instructions for complete production and assembly of the prototype. In this paper, using the deep planting earth auger a deep drilling experiment has been carried out in the forest of Inner Mongolia. The result of the deep drilling experiment shows that the deep planting earth auger was functioning smoothly. Its efficiency can reach 180 holes/h, and each hole features a 90mm diameter and up to 1.7m depth. In addition, the space between the holes can be adjusted between 2.5m to 4m. The space between the lines can be adjusted by changing the motion of the tractor. The theoretical and test research of tree planting equipment used in arid areas give a theoretical and reliable basis for machine design and manufacture. The developed tree deep planting machine is suited to local conditions. The machines will speed up combat against desertification by increasing tree planting efficiency.