CAJ | 학술논문

液压机械差速转向系统是履带车辆的一种双功率流转向系统，其参数设计属于多参数、多目标、非线性优化问题。该文在对优化参数及评价目标进行理论分析的基础上，建立了包括履带车辆转向动力性、转向灵活性和转向快速性等液压机械差速转向系统参数优化数学模型，根据遗传算法的基本思想，采用层次化划分问题空间方法处理系统参数之间的相互约束和耦合问题，给出了一种基于遗传算法的履带车辆液压机械差速转向系统参数优化方法，结合实例样车设计需要优化出了履带车辆液压机械差速转向系统参数，与已得到实车验证的系统参数偏差最大不超过3.5%，表明所给出的优化方法可满足履带车辆液压机械差速转向系统参数实际工程设计需要。
액압궤계차속전향계통시리대차량적일충쌍공솔류전향계통，기삼수설계속우다삼수、다목표、비선성우화문제。해문재대우화삼수급평개목표진행이론분석적기출상，건립료포괄리대차량전향동력성、전향령활성화전향쾌속성등액압궤계차속전향계통삼수우화수학모형，근거유전산법적기본사상，채용층차화화분문제공간방법처리계통삼수지간적상호약속화우합문제，급출료일충기우유전산법적리대차량액압궤계차속전향계통삼수우화방법，결합실례양차설계수요우화출료리대차량액압궤계차속전향계통삼수，여이득도실차험증적계통삼수편차최대불초과3.5%，표명소급출적우화방법가만족리대차량액압궤계차속전향계통삼수실제공정설계수요。
The hydro-mechanical differential turning system is the double power flow turning system made up of a hydraulic transmission, mechanical transmission, and planetary transmission. It can allow tracked vehicles to accomplish a continuously step-less turning process and exhibits high working efficiency and light operation force. The turning system has good application prospects for tracked tractors, construction machinery, armored vehicle and other heavy machinery. Because the turning system contains several parameters, constraint and coupling are among these parameters. The system parameter design is addressed by a multi-parameter, multi-goal, nonlinear optimization question. Known from literature, the optimized parameters include the characteristic coefficient of planet row, parameters of the hydraulic closed-loop system (rated pressure, motor displacement), rear transmission ratio of the motor, the fixed axis transmission ratio, and other parameters. The turning dynamic, turning flexibility, and turning speed of a tracked vehicle are the evaluation objectives of system parameter optimization. The turning dynamic is evaluated by dynamic factors of engine, hydraulic closed-loop system and ground. The turning flexibility is evaluated by the minimum turning radius. The turning speed is evaluated by the minimum turning time or maximum angular velocity. The optimization math model of the hydro-mechanical differential turning system parameters, including the turning dynamics、turning flexibility, and turning speed of tracked vehicle, is established based on the theory of parameter optimization and an evaluation index. The ground characteristic, engine characteristic, and characteristics of the hydraulic closed-loop system are constraint conditions in the optimization process. Using the basic theory of genetic algorithms, the mutual constraint and coupling among these system parameters are solved by dividing the question space using analytic hierarchy process. In connection with every optimized parameter, its question space is determined. Based on the optimization evaluation objectives and constraint conditions, the weighting coefficient of every evaluation objective and the solution size of every optimized parameter are set. The gradation genetic algorithm is carried out in accordance with the question space, and the optimization process is finished. The population size of the lower hierarchy question space is generated by the population size of upper hierarchy question space. The invalid parameters group scheme is avoided. When the calculation is carried out in the previous step of the process, the union of every solution of the hierarchy is adopted. When the calculation is carried out in the next step of the process, every individuality of the hierarchy is sequenced in the light of pareto superior relation. The fitness of the population is determined by the number being inferior to this individuality. The parameter optimization is finished according to optimization precision. Referencing the design requirements of an actual tracked vehicle, based on several groups of weighting coefficients, the parameters of a hydro-mechanical differential turning system for a tracked vehicle are optimized. In light of the known parameters of actual tracked vehicle and the optimized parameters of a hydro-mechanical differential turning system, the dynamic factor of engine, dynamic factor of hydraulic closed-loop system, and dynamic factor of ground are simulated and calculated. The results show that the parameters of a hydro-mechanical differential turning system for a tracked vehicle can meet its performance requirements, and the optimization method can meet the actual engineer design requirements of a hydro-mechanical differential turning system for tracked vehicles.