CAJ | 학술논문

为了分析游隙对轴承静力学性能的影响，基于赫兹弹性接触原理和变形协调原理，且在考虑初始游隙和实际接触角变化的前提下，建立了双列调心球轴承在径向和轴向联合载荷下的静力学数学模型。对静力学平衡方程和未知变量的可行域进行分析，提出基于Broyden秩1拟牛顿迭代法的数值求解流程。以调心球轴承BRF12为例，建立其非线性静力学平衡方程组并求解，分析轴承初始游隙对内、外圈相对位移、轴承刚度、负荷分布、实际接触角等的影响情况。分析得出游隙是影响调心球轴承品质的关键因素，需严格控制。分析各游隙及和接触角的几何关系，进而得到各游隙的简单计算公式，提出游隙尺寸控制和测量方法。研究结果可为新型双列调心球轴承的额定静、动载荷计算、动力学分析和优化设计等提供理论参考和依据。
위료분석유극대축승정역학성능적영향，기우혁자탄성접촉원리화변형협조원리，차재고필초시유극화실제접촉각변화적전제하，건립료쌍렬조심구축승재경향화축향연합재하하적정역학수학모형。대정역학평형방정화미지변량적가행역진행분석，제출기우Broyden질1의우돈질대법적수치구해류정。이조심구축승BRF12위례，건립기비선성정역학평형방정조병구해，분석축승초시유극대내、외권상대위이、축승강도、부하분포、실제접촉각등적영향정황。분석득출유극시영향조심구축승품질적관건인소，수엄격공제。분석각유극급화접촉각적궤하관계，진이득도각유극적간단계산공식，제출유극척촌공제화측량방법。연구결과가위신형쌍렬조심구축승적액정정、동재하계산、동역학분석화우화설계등제공이론삼고화의거。
Double row self-aligning ball bearing generally consists of outer ring, inner ring, ball and sealing cover, etc. Because of its self-aligning working properties, this type of bearings have been widely used in various mechanical systems, such as agricultural machinery, engineering machinery, light industry machinery, military machinery, etc. Related rolling bearing design literatures have already analyzed the structure size and work performance of double row self-aligning ball bearings, but these literatures all ignore the effect of clearance when analyzing performance of this type of bearings. In practical conditions, bearing clearance has great influence on the bearing performance, so it must be considered. In this paper, the static mathematical model of double row self-aligning ball bearing under radial and axial combined loads has been established, based on Hertz elastic contact theory and deformation compatibility theory, also under the premise of considering of initial clearance and the change of real contact angle. In the meantime, related factors of bearing static equilibrium have been analyzed and calculated, such as load distribution, geometric deformation, principal curvatures of ball contact point, contact load, load distribution angle, etc. After analyzing the static balance equations and feasible region of unknown variables, the procedure of numerical solution based on Broyden rank 1 Quasi-Newton method has been presented. And the initial value of iteration is analyzed and optimized to reduce the iterative time. In order to verify the accuracy of the above nonlinear equilibrium equations and the solving method and to analyze the impact of clearance for double row self-aligning ball bearing static performance, as an example of double row self-aligning ball bearing BRF12, which is produced by Zhejiang Zhenhua Bearing Manufacturing Company, its non-linear static equilibrium equations are established and solved, and then analyze the influence of clearance on relative displacement of inner and outer rings, bearing axial stiffness, bearing radial stiffness, load distribution, maximum contact load, actual load distribution angle, real contact angle, etc. It can be derived from the above calculation and analysis that clearance is a key factor affecting double row self-aligning ball bearing working quality, so it should be strictly controlled. After analysis of the geometrical relationship of all kinds of clearances and contact angles, a simple calculation formula of all kinds of clearances and clearance dimension chain has been obtained, and dimension control and measuring method of clearance has been presented. The research provides a theoretical reference for designing and analyzing of the new type double row self-aligning ball bearings, such as the calculation of static load rating and dynamic load rating, the kinetic analysis, and the optimal design.