CAJ | 학술논문

在播种过程中，由于种子与排种管、开沟器的碰撞和机组前进的共同作用，使得种子落地的位置是随机的，造成播种均匀性差，为解决此问题，该文研制了内嵌勺盘式舵轮免耕施肥播种机，主要由旋刀式苗带清整装置、内嵌勺盘式舵轮穴播器等组成。内嵌勺盘式舵轮穴播器由舵轮式穴播器和勺盘式排种器集成在一起，发挥勺盘式排种器精量取种和舵轮式穴播器定点投种的优势，实现玉米等株距精量播种。田间试验表明：种、肥深度变异系数分别为23.2%和20.2%，株距合格率达96%，出苗率达95%，机具通过性满足农艺要求。
재파충과정중，유우충자여배충관、개구기적팽당화궤조전진적공동작용，사득충자락지적위치시수궤적，조성파충균균성차，위해결차문제，해문연제료내감작반식타륜면경시비파충궤，주요유선도식묘대청정장치、내감작반식타륜혈파기등조성。내감작반식타륜혈파기유타륜식혈파기화작반식배충기집성재일기，발휘작반식배충기정량취충화타륜식혈파기정점투충적우세，실현옥미등주거정량파충。전간시험표명：충、비심도변이계수분별위23.2%화20.2%，주거합격솔체96%，출묘솔체95%，궤구통과성만족농예요구。
Conservation tillage technology, which originated in Western developed countries, is an advanced agricultural production technology. Development of the precision no-till maize planter was the key to extend conservation tillage technology. The seed-metering device was an important part of the planter and was a core determinant of seeder characteristics and working performance. At present in China, precision seed-metering devices can be divided into mechanical devices and pneumatic devices. With the development of technology, China also gave birth to a number of new seed-metering devices. But the Western developed countries augmented the precision seeder with new agricultural high technologies including satellite positioning systems, geographic information systems, expert intelligence systems, and remote-sensing technology. Those advances moved seeding technology toward higher precision, variable-rate capabilities, high efficiency, and intelligent controls. But in view of China’s national conditions, intelligent planters have not been widely popularized or adopted. <br> During the process of seeding, the seeds collided with the seeds tube and opener. Due to the combined effect of the collision and the machine moving forward, seed deposition was random, reducing seeding uniformity. To solve this problem, a no-tillage fertilization planter with embedded spoon disc helm wheel was developed. It was mainly composed of a rotary blade type seeding mechanism with a trimming device and an embedded spoon disc helm wheel dibbler. The rotary blade type seeding mechanism with trimming device was composed of a rotor and a rotary tillage straight cutter. The rotary cutter was arranged in front of the seeding and fertilizing rows, each row corresponding to two rotary cutters, and the rotation speed was 380 r/min. The embedded spoon disc helm wheel dibbler was integrated by the steering wheel of the dibble and the dipper disk seeding device, which has the advantage of throwing seeds at designated points with the steering wheel of the dibble accurately taking the seeds. Sowing corn seeds at uniform intervals was realized. The device reduces the seed falling distance and positions the seeds more accurately. During the work process,the rotary blade type seeding mechanism with a trimming device cleans up the seeding belt and at the same time cuts the surface. Then the opener and fertilizer feeder complete the fertilization, and the embedded spoon disc helm wheel dibbler completes the precision seeding. Finally, compaction by the press wheel completes the no-tillage seeding process. This paper introduced the method of determining the parameters of the helm wheel disc. A modal analysis of the helm wheel disc was carried out with ANSYS and gave the first 4 modal shapes in order to improve its structure. The result of field tests showed that the coefficients of variation of sowing fertilizer cover depth were 23.2% and 20.2%. The qualified rate of plant spacing was 96%, and the germination rate was 95%. The slip ratio was 5%. The passing ability of the seeder satisfied the agronomic requirements. Through field tests in full compliance with national standards, it fully met the actual production requirement, laying a foundation for the development of maize no-tillage planter research.