CAJ | 학술논문

为探讨水稻不同分蘖时期的成穗规律及穗部性状特点，对主茎和播种后26、31、36、41、46 d的茎蘖消长及单茎性状变化进行了研究。结果表明：播种后31 d内发生的分蘖均能够成穗，播种后41 d之后发生的分蘖均为无效分蘖。随着播种后时间推进，株高、秆长、上6节间长度、茎鞘叶质量、Ⅰ/秆长、强弱势粒质量和穗型指数均逐渐降低；一次枝梗的粒数、实粒数、结实率先增加后降低，以播种后36 d最高，分别为109.79粒、94.86粒、86.40％；二次枝梗的实粒数和结实率先降低后增加，以播种后26 d最高，分别为44.75粒和47.61％；穗长、千粒重、单茎谷质量逐渐减小，穗粒数、实粒数先逐渐增加后降低，以播种后36 d最大，分别为200.07粒、127.57粒。综合分析表明，水稻不同分蘖时期成穗的单株在农艺性状和经济性状上存在一定差异，营养物质优先供应分蘖发生早的单茎，水稻产量的提高主要依靠早期分蘖穗的贡献。
위탐토수도불동분얼시기적성수규률급수부성상특점，대주경화파충후26、31、36、41、46 d적경얼소장급단경성상변화진행료연구。결과표명：파충후31 d내발생적분얼균능구성수，파충후41 d지후발생적분얼균위무효분얼。수착파충후시간추진，주고、간장、상6절간장도、경초협질량、Ⅰ/간장、강약세립질량화수형지수균축점강저；일차지경적립수、실립수、결실솔선증가후강저，이파충후36 d최고，분별위109.79립、94.86립、86.40％；이차지경적실립수화결실솔선강저후증가，이파충후26 d최고，분별위44.75립화47.61％；수장、천립중、단경곡질량축점감소，수립수、실립수선축점증가후강저，이파충후36 d최대，분별위200.07립、127.57립。종합분석표명，수도불동분얼시기성수적단주재농예성상화경제성상상존재일정차이，영양물질우선공응분얼발생조적단경，수도산량적제고주요의고조기분얼수적공헌。
In order to explore the law of panicle formation and the characteristic of panicle traits at different tillering stages of rice ,the main stem ,the grow th and decline of tillers after 26 d ,31 d , 36 d ,41 d and 46 d of sowing ,and the changes of single stem traits were analyzed .The results showed that the tillers occurring after 31 d of sowing could develop into panicles ,while the tillers forming later than 41 d following sowing were ineffective .With the advancement of time after so-wing ,the plant height ,the culm length ,the length of upper 6 internodes ,the mass of stem and sheath leaf ,theⅠ /culm length ,the mass of superior and inferior grains ,and the index of panicle type all reduced gradually .The grains ,solid grains and setting percentage of the primary branches increased at first ,and then decreased ,the highest of which appeared at the 36th day after sowing and reached to 109 .79 seeds ,94 .86 seeds and 86 .40% respectively .The filled grains and seed set-ting rate of the secondary branches decreased first and then increased ,the highest of w hich ap-peared at the 26th day after sowing and reached to 44 .75 seeds and 47 .61% respectively .The spike length ,1 000-grain weight and single stem mass decreased with the delay of sowing days . The grain number per spike and the full grains gradually increased first and then decreased ,the highest of which appeared at the 36th day after sowing and reached to 200 .07 seeds and 127 .57 seeds respectively .The comprehensive analysis indicated that there were some differences in agro-nomic and economic traits of rice individual plants in different tillering periods .T he nutrients sup-plied priorly to the single stem appearing early .T he increase of rice yield mainly relied on the con-tribution of early-tillering panicles .