CAJ | 학술논문

薄壁金属管是汽车碰撞时为安全性所设置的吸能结构件。为优化设计金属薄壁管，该文研究了不同锥度、晶胞数的LD2铝合金锥管的吸能特性。用Hypermesh和Ls—Dyna软件，在轴向和偏斜方向动态载荷两种作用下，以初始峰值载荷（IPL）和比吸能（SEA）来表征吸能特性，进行仿真分析。结果是：对于单、双、四晶胞的锥管，IPL均随着锥度的增加而降低；锥管的IPL均低于直管的IPL，SEA随着锥度的增加而提高；随着斜碰角度的增大，锥度为0．3的四晶胞锥管在斜碰的峰值载荷和比吸能均降低。因此，合理地调整锥度和晶胞数，可以提高薄壁管的吸能特性。
박벽금속관시기차팽당시위안전성소설치적흡능결구건。위우화설계금속박벽관，해문연구료불동추도、정포수적LD2려합금추관적흡능특성。용Hypermesh화Ls—Dyna연건，재축향화편사방향동태재하량충작용하，이초시봉치재하（IPL）화비흡능（SEA）래표정흡능특성，진행방진분석。결과시：대우단、쌍、사정포적추관，IPL균수착추도적증가이강저；추관적IPL균저우직관적IPL，SEA수착추도적증가이제고；수착사팽각도적증대，추도위0．3적사정포추관재사팽적봉치재하화비흡능균강저。인차，합리지조정추도화정포수，가이제고박벽관적흡능특성。
Thin-walled metal tubes are structural parts for vehicle security when automotive collisions occur. This paper investigates the energy absorption characteristics of an aluminum alloy LD2 metallic thin-walled tube with different tapers and cell numbers to optimize the design of the tube. Hypermesh and Ls-Dyna soft wares were used to simulate the dynamic loads in axial and deflective directions with Initial Peak Load (IPL) and Specific Energy Absorption (SEA) characterizing the energy absorption characteristics. The results show that the IPLs of the single-, double-, and fourfold-cell conical tubes reduce with increasing taper, with the IPLs of the taper pipe being lower than those of the straight tube and that the SEA increases with increasing taper. Both the IPL and the SEA in oblique impact decrease as the collision angle increases for fourfold-cell conical tube with taper of 0.3. Therefore, a reasonable adjustment of the tube taper and cell number can improve the energy absorption characteristics of thin-walled tubes.