中国材料进展
中國材料進展
중국재료진전
MATERIALS CHINA
2012年
11期
33-36,56
,共5页
文化遗产%保护材料%可逆率
文化遺產%保護材料%可逆率
문화유산%보호재료%가역솔
cultural relics%preservation materials%reversible rate
在文物保护研究领域，保护材料的“可逆性”是经常争议的问题之一：什么样的材料是可逆性材料？能否定量地表达可逆性？可逆性材料渗入砖、石、陶等多孔性材质中还可取出来吗？可逆性材料老化以后的可逆率会如何变化等等。为了探索这一类基础理论问题，本实验室提出运用“可逆率”来定量地表征材料应用过程的可逆性，可逆率可以通过清除实验来测量。通过测定B72、氟橡胶、纯丙乳液、环氧树脂在釉面瓷片、光面大理石、山西砂岩、凝灰岩和四川沙岩表面的取出率，计算出了它们的可逆率。实验表明许多保护材料都有一定的可逆性，其可逆率的大小与被保护基底材料的孔隙率（吸水率）呈反比，也与清除剂的种类和清除工艺有关，同时保护材料的紫外光老化过程也会明显影响保护材料的可逆率。文物保护材料可逆率的测量将会是研究其功能和机理的重要方法。
在文物保護研究領域，保護材料的“可逆性”是經常爭議的問題之一：什麽樣的材料是可逆性材料？能否定量地錶達可逆性？可逆性材料滲入磚、石、陶等多孔性材質中還可取齣來嗎？可逆性材料老化以後的可逆率會如何變化等等。為瞭探索這一類基礎理論問題，本實驗室提齣運用“可逆率”來定量地錶徵材料應用過程的可逆性，可逆率可以通過清除實驗來測量。通過測定B72、氟橡膠、純丙乳液、環氧樹脂在釉麵瓷片、光麵大理石、山西砂巖、凝灰巖和四川沙巖錶麵的取齣率，計算齣瞭它們的可逆率。實驗錶明許多保護材料都有一定的可逆性，其可逆率的大小與被保護基底材料的孔隙率（吸水率）呈反比，也與清除劑的種類和清除工藝有關，同時保護材料的紫外光老化過程也會明顯影響保護材料的可逆率。文物保護材料可逆率的測量將會是研究其功能和機理的重要方法。
재문물보호연구영역，보호재료적“가역성”시경상쟁의적문제지일：십요양적재료시가역성재료？능부정량지표체가역성？가역성재료삼입전、석、도등다공성재질중환가취출래마？가역성재료노화이후적가역솔회여하변화등등。위료탐색저일류기출이론문제，본실험실제출운용“가역솔”래정량지표정재료응용과정적가역성，가역솔가이통과청제실험래측량。통과측정B72、불상효、순병유액、배양수지재유면자편、광면대리석、산서사암、응회암화사천사암표면적취출솔，계산출료타문적가역솔。실험표명허다보호재료도유일정적가역성，기가역솔적대소여피보호기저재료적공극솔（흡수솔）정반비，야여청제제적충류화청제공예유관，동시보호재료적자외광노화과정야회명현영향보호재료적가역솔。문물보호재료가역솔적측량장회시연구기공능화궤리적중요방법。
The reversibility of the preservation materials is often the controversy focus in the field of cultural heritage con- servation : what kinds of materials are reversible materials? How to quantitatively express the reversible? Are reversible mate- rials also desirable when penetrated into the microporous of brick, stone, clay, and other porous materials? How to change reversible rate after aging? In order to explore these basic theoretical problems, this work proposes that we can use the "re- versible rate" to quantitatively character the reversibility of the preservation materials in the application process and the re- versible rate can be measured through the clearance experiment. The reversible rate is experimentally measured by the Paraloid B72, fluorine rubber, acrylic emulsion and epoxy resin on the surface of glazed tiles, glossy marble, Sichuan sand- stone, tuff and Shanxi sandstone. The experimental results show that all of these materials has a certain degree of reversibility. The removal rate of the protective materials is inversely proportional with the porosity of the basal substrate, and relates with the removing technology and scavenger species. The ultraviolet aging process is also significantly affecting the removal rate. The measurement technology of the reversible rate may be an important method to study the function and mechanism of cultural relic protection materials.
