CAJ | 학술논문

在大田试验条件下，研究了在冬小麦－夏玉米复种连作体系下氮肥周年运筹对其产量以及关键构成要素的影响，分别对两季作物中各产量构成要素。穗部性状和关键农艺性状进行了相关以及通径分析。结果显示，在冬小麦－夏玉米复种连作体系下，中高氮肥水平对冬小麦产量关键性构成要素穗粒数、穗粒质量和每穗结实小穗数的影响均较对照和低氮肥水平有所提高，千粒质量下降；对夏玉米百粒质量、果穗粗、果穗长的影响具有显著提高，但中高氮肥之间差异不显著。本研究认为，华北地区冬小麦－夏玉米复种连作模式下，对冬小麦季灌拔节水和开花水，氮肥施用量为210～270 kg/hm 2，采用基施和拔节施，对夏玉米季氮肥施用量为240～300 kg/hm 2采用拔节施和大喇叭口施的栽培措施，可以使产量最优。
재대전시험조건하，연구료재동소맥－하옥미복충련작체계하담비주년운주대기산량이급관건구성요소적영향，분별대량계작물중각산량구성요소。수부성상화관건농예성상진행료상관이급통경분석。결과현시，재동소맥－하옥미복충련작체계하，중고담비수평대동소맥산량관건성구성요소수립수、수립질량화매수결실소수수적영향균교대조화저담비수평유소제고，천립질량하강；대하옥미백립질량、과수조、과수장적영향구유현저제고，단중고담비지간차이불현저。본연구인위，화북지구동소맥－하옥미복충련작모식하，대동소맥계관발절수화개화수，담비시용량위210～270 kg/hm 2，채용기시화발절시，대하옥미계담비시용량위240～300 kg/hm 2채용발절시화대나팔구시적재배조시，가이사산량최우。
In the field experimental conditions,the studies were carried out on the effects of nitrogen fertilizer annual management on grain yield and yield key components of wheat and maize in winter wheat -summer maize con-tinuous cropping system.At the same time,the correlation and path analysis were made on each yield components , ear and spike characters,the key agronomic characters of winter wheat and summer maize ,respectively.The results showed that in winter wheat -summer maize continuous cropping system ,the effects of middle and high nitrogen ferti-lization level on the key yield components of winter wheat ,including grain number per spike,spike grain weight and filled spikelet number per spike,were more improved than those of control and low nitrogen fertilization level ,and 1000-grain weight was reduced;meanwhile,there were more significant improvement on 100-grain weight,ear weight and length of summer maize under middle and high nitrogen fertilization level .But there was no significant differ-ence between middle and high nitrogen fertilizer level .In conclusion,in winter wheat-summer maize continuous cropping system in North China plain,with irrigation at the jointing and flowering stage of winter wheat ,the applica-tion rate of nitrogen fertilizer of winter wheat was 210 -270 kg/ha,which was applied as base and jointing fertilizer , and the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer of summer maize was 240 -300 kg/ha,which was applied at the joint-ing and big flare period of summer maize,moreover,nitrogen fertilizer annual management in winter wheat -summer maize continuous cropping system can obtain the optimal yield .